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Understanding Ping and ICMP Protocols in TCP/IP Networking

This presentation covers the Ping tool and the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) within the TCP/IP protocol suite. It explains the functions of ICMP Echo Request (Type 8) and Echo Reply (Type 0), and explores common ICMP codes for network diagnostics, including unreachable errors and fragmentation issues. The presentation details a benchmark test setup and packet loss calculations using RFC 2544 and RFC 2889 standards. Discover how TCP/IP stacks work and the significance of network testing methodologies for reliable connectivity.

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Understanding Ping and ICMP Protocols in TCP/IP Networking

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Presentation Transcript

  1. The Outline The concept of ping TCP/IP protocol ICMP Ethereal RFC standard for benchmark Switch Test Presentation www.inventecesc.com

  2. ICMP Type = 8 ICMP Type = 0 A電腦 B電腦 The concept of Ping tool A ping B www.inventecesc.com

  3. TCP/IP Structure www.inventecesc.com

  4. Application： IE、Web Server… Protocol： HTTP、FTP… TCP/IP Model www.inventecesc.com

  5. TCP/IP VS. OSI www.inventecesc.com

  6. HTTP GET Response A電腦 Google TCP/IP Stack www.inventecesc.com

  7. ICMP Code All 8 16 32 0 www.inventecesc.com

  8. ICMP Code TYPE = 3 0 = network unreachable router router 1 = host unreachable router  DNS 2 = protocol unreachable host  Service 3 = port unreachable host  Port Num 4 = fragmentation needed but impossible router because of 'don't fragment' command  MTU 5 = source route not reachable router routing www.inventecesc.com

  9. ICMP Code TYPE = 8 - Echo Request sent by: 0 = (no special meaning) host, router TYPE = 0 - Echo Reply sent by: 0 = (no special meaning) host, router www.inventecesc.com

  10. Switch 16 port Sender Receiver1 Receiver2 Structure of test environment (Packet size = 65500 in windows and 65507 in Linux) www.inventecesc.com

  11. Sender information BACK www.inventecesc.com

  12. www.inventecesc.com

  13. www.inventecesc.com

  14. Receive packet rule in • non-promiscuous mode • Broadcast • Personal IP www.inventecesc.com

  15. www.inventecesc.com

  16. Structure of test environment Simple equation ( ( input_count - output_count ) * 100 ) / input_count A電腦送出10000個封包 (ICMP TYPE=8) B電腦收到9500個封包 (ICMP TYPE=0) Frame loss數目 = 10000 – 9500 = 500 1 - 500/10000 = 95% Frame loss定義為降90%往下測試為標準 請參照 RFC2544 page16 -- 26.3 RFC2889 page3 -- 5.1.2 www.inventecesc.com

  17. Reference • RFC2544 • RFC2889 • RFC1242 www.inventecesc.com

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