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Czars of Russia

Czars of Russia. Ivan the Terrible, Peter the Great, and Catherine the Great. TLWBAT Discuss the achievements of Peter the Great and Catherine the Great. Warm-up Identify the treaty for each occasion. 30 Years War War of Spanish Succession Peasants Rebellion Reformation.

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Czars of Russia

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  1. Czars of Russia Ivan the Terrible, Peter the Great, and Catherine the Great

  2. TLWBAT Discuss the achievements of Peter the Great and Catherine the Great Warm-up Identify the treaty for each occasion. 30 Years War War of Spanish Succession Peasants Rebellion Reformation Warm-ups and objectives

  3. Isolation from Europe • Russia’s geography (natural borders) affected their progress. • Russia was land-locked from Europe. • Strong influence from Byzantine Empire not from western Europe; Eastern Orthodox religion. • Language and writing barrier between Russia and Western Europe

  4. Ivan III Conquered the territory around Moscow liberated Russia from Mongols centralized the Russian government. Ivan’s Son was Ivan IV- Ivan the Terrible. Ivan the Terrible was first Czar 1533. Added territory to Russia added power to central government. Ruled by Terror accused Boyars, nobles, of poisoning his wife, Anastasia-a Romanov set up secrete police and executed many Boyars. Killed many people and gave land to new nobles who promised to be loyal or die. From Ivan to the Romanov

  5. Ivan’s downfall. • In 1581, Ivan killed his eldest son. • 3 years later his weak son became Czar when Ivan the Terrible died. • Son died with out an heir • Time of Trouble-Boyars fought for control. • 1613 Michael Romanov was chosen to start dynasty-grandnephew of Anastasia.

  6. Peter the Great • 1696 Peter became Czar of Russia • moved Russia from Feudal system (Boyars and serfs)to a strong central government. • Traveled to the west to learn about the new ways- machines and customs. • Returned promoting “westernization”

  7. Romanovs • The Romanov family ruled Russia from 1613-1917. Peter the Greats’ Goals: • “Westernize” Russia • End Russia’s “land-locked” situation by gaining a warm water port. (St. Petersburg) • Strengthen and westernize the military

  8. Knew his people would not agree to Westernize so brought Orthodox Church under state control reduced power of great landowners and then gave it back once they were loyal modernized army by hiring European officers. Introduced potatoes started first newspaper raise women status changed traditional to western clothing. Promoted education and growth built St.. Petersburg as “a window on the sea”-Russia’s new Capital. Peter’s Absolutism

  9. St. Petersburg • Peter opened the window to the west by gaining an all year seaport.

  10. Introduced potatoes Started newspaper Peter the Great Created a warm water port (St. Petersburg Raised woman’s status Forced nobility to “westernize”

  11. Russian Expansion, 1533-1725

  12. Catherine the Great1762-1796

  13. Catherine’s Goals (1770) • Continued the expansion of Russian ports. • Acquired the Sea of Azov by driving back the Turks • Gained western territory. • Acquired most of Poland due to weak government

  14. Catherine the Great (Catherine II 1762-1796) • Tried to pass enlightened reforms • Set up a commission to review Russian Laws • Proposed reforms based on Montesquieu and Baccaria • Recommended religious tolerance ad abolished torture • Crushed rebellions and gave absolute power to nobles • Gained access to Black Sea by defeating Ottomans • Enlarged her empire by taking parts of Poland and Russia emerged as an international power

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