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Non-Industrial Private Forests

Non-Industrial Private Forests. Karen Potter-Witter Department of Forestry. Michigan. 19.2 million acres of forestland 18.6 million acres of timberland ~ ___% of Michigan?. Percent forestland by county. Timberland by forest type. Timberland area by region. Timberland ownership, 1955-93.

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Non-Industrial Private Forests

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  1. Non-Industrial Private Forests Karen Potter-Witter Department of Forestry

  2. Michigan • 19.2 million acres of forestland • 18.6 million acres of timberland • ~ ___% of Michigan?

  3. Percent forestland by county

  4. Timberland by forest type

  5. Timberland area by region

  6. Timberland ownership, 1955-93

  7. Background • 312,000 NIPF owners in Michigan • own 54% - 8.6 million acres of forest • 40 % of ownerships are 1-9 acres • 32% acquired from 1970-1979

  8. Fragmentation 8 counties with >15% growth and 50% forest area

  9. Trends • More demand for recreation use and amenities from forests • More objection to timber harvests • More reliance on private lands for timber • More fragmentation and accompanying ecosystem challenges

  10. Why have private lands policy? • to promote sustainability • to encourage investment • to increase production • to minimize negative impacts

  11. Major instruments • Financial Incentives • Taxes • Cost sharing • Technical Assistance • In the field • Educational programs • Applied research

  12. Income tax Major elements: • income • expenses • reforestation

  13. Federal Income Tax • Income - Capital Gains • maximum tax rate lower than for other income • Expenses • reduces the net cost to the taxpayer

  14. Reforestation Amortization & Tax Credit • reduces the net cost of tree planting for timber through deduction, plus: • an investment tax credit

  15. Property taxes • Reduction in mileage rate, special classification or separate from ad valorem • Ad valorem - most non-industrial

  16. Commercial Forest Program • $1.10/acre per year • public access for hunting and fishing required • minimum of 40 acres

  17. Private Forest Reserve Program • a few farm woodlots • 160 acres or less • ½ in active agriculture • up to 40 acres can be in PFR • assessed at $1 per acre • 5% yield tax

  18. Technical assistance – federal+state+local+private • DNR or other foresters and resource professionals • Cooperative Forest Management in MI • A few Soil Conservation District Foresters left • County foresters in some states (e.g. Minnesota) • Industry foresters

  19. Land Grant Universities • Extension • Education • Training • Applied research

  20. Regulation – federal, state, local • ESA • Clean Water Act • BMPs • Zoning

  21. Cost sharing – federal+state • ACP – Agricultural Conservation Program • CRP – Conservation Reserve Program • FLEP - Forest Land Enhancement Program • Forest Stewardship Program • Many others – Wildlife (WHIP), T&E species

  22. Resources www.na.fs.fed.us/ www.timbertax.org/ forestry.msu.edu/extension/ www.reeusda.gov/nre/forestry/

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