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COAL GASIFICATION GASIFICATION ONLY REASONABLE WHEN PLANT IS INTEGRATED

COAL GASIFICATION GASIFICATION ONLY REASONABLE WHEN PLANT IS INTEGRATED SOME PROCESSES ARE COMMERCIAL H 2 S REMOVAL BY THE CLAUS PROCESS H 2 S + O 2 = H 2 O + SO 2 H 2 S + SO 2 = S + H 2 O. Energy Content Summary…. Probable Uses…. Low-Btu gas Local electrical power generation

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COAL GASIFICATION GASIFICATION ONLY REASONABLE WHEN PLANT IS INTEGRATED

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  1. COAL GASIFICATION GASIFICATION ONLY REASONABLE WHEN PLANT IS INTEGRATED SOME PROCESSES ARE COMMERCIAL H2S REMOVAL BY THE CLAUS PROCESS H2S + O2 = H2O + SO2 H2S + SO2 = S + H2O

  2. Energy Content Summary….

  3. Probable Uses…. • Low-Btu gas • Local electrical power generation • Cannot be used for home or commercial heating • Intermediate-Btu gas • Electrical power generation • Feed stock for chemicals • Town gas • High-Btu gas…. Same as natural gas

  4. Selection of a Gasifier • Type of bed • Operating pressure • Slagging, non-slagging Lurgi (fixed bed, high P, non-slagging) Koppers-Totzek (entrained bed, low P, slagging) Wellman-Galusha (fixed, low P, non-slagging) Winkler (fluidized, low P, non-slagging)

  5. CO2 25,303 TPD @ 8,920 Btu/lb FEED COAL H2S+CO2 SULFUR PLANT ELEMENTAL SULFUR * 128 LTPD GAS LIQUOR COAL PREPARATION OXYGEN-BLOWN COAL GASIFIERS CRUDE GAS SHIFT CONVERSION H2O+CO=H2+CO2 COMPRESSION AND DEHYDRATION SCRUBBING AND COOLING RECTISOL GAS PURIFICATION METHANATION 3H2+CO=CH4+H2O TARRY GAS LIQUOR OXYGEN PIPELINE GAS 290 MMSCFD @ 950 Btu/Scf OILY GAS LIQUOR N2 STEAM STEAM AND POWER PLANT GAS LIQUOR SEPARATION AND EFFLUENT WATER TREATMENT COAL FINES OXYGEN PLANT RECLAIMED WATER TO PLANT USE NAPHTHA ELECTRIC POWER TO PLANT USE AIR COAL TAR TOTAL LIQUIDS 8940 BBLS/day COAL OIL PHENOLS 155 tons/day AMMONIA Figure 7-6. Pipeline gas from coal via Lurgi pressure gasification.

  6. Figure 7-11. The Texaco gasifier (also Shell, Eastman)

  7. Produce low-Btu gas Inject air and steam Chemical reactions System for In-Situ Gasification of Coal From Wiser, 2000

  8. Financial Dilemma • Synthetic natural gas cost - >$10.00/106 Btu • Investment - 75 x 1012 Btu/year plant, 30 year life - $8 billion • Benchmark is cost of oil and gas energy sources - Need a floor on the price of energy over a long time frame

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