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Similarities between Hungarian and Italian folk tales (1/2):

Explore the similarities and differences between Hungarian and Italian folk tales, including the use of opening and ending formulas, animal characters with human qualities, teaching or moral aims, rural settings, and involvement of human characters. Discover how the landscape and cultural origins differ and how Italian tales have ties to classical models. Also, learn about the history of Italian animal tales, from Aesop and Phaedrus to Dante and Boccaccio, and explore contemporary works like Pinocchio by Carlo Collodi.

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Similarities between Hungarian and Italian folk tales (1/2):

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  1. Similarities between Hungarian and Italian folk tales (1/2): • they often contain opening and ending formulas (such as "Once upon a time... "or "A long time ago far, far away "; " They all lived happily ever after"); • the animals are endowed with either positive or negative human qualities (cleverness, greed, naivety...); • the stories have a teaching or moral aim; • the animals can either be farm/domestic animals (pig, cat, dog ...) or wild ones (wolf, fox);

  2. Similarities between Hungarian and Italian folk tales (2/2): • the animal characters are involved in witty dialogues; • the setting is usually rural (country villages/fields/ forests); • the human characters involved in some stories are mainly peasants or villagers, in some cases there are also noble people (kings, princes, princesses…); • animal characters can either be protagonists or antagonists, sometimes they simply act as helpers or opponents to human characters. 

  3. Differences between Hungarian and Italian folk tales: • the landscape in Hungarian folk tales is more markedly a winter, cold one if compared to the Italian one, • stories in Italian tradition mainly derive from classical models or were first invented by authors, then became part of popular culture;  • many Italian folk tales  belong to a specific regional  culture (e.g. Sicily, Tuscany...) and were originally composed in the  local dialect.

  4. HISTORY OF ITALIAN ANIMAL TALES ANIMALS REPRESENT HUMAN VALUES AND FLAWS TEACHING PURPOSE MAGIC POWERS

  5. ANCIENT TIMES - AESOP • Aesop (Greece – VII century B.C.) A detail of the 13th century Fontana Maggiore in Perugia with the fables of  The Wolf and the Crane and The Wolf and the Lamb. 12th-century pillar, cloister of the Collegiata di Sant’Orso, Aosta: the Fox and the Stork

  6. ANCIENT TIMES - PHAEDRUS • Phaedrus (Rome – I century B.C.- I century A.C )

  7. ANCIENT TIMES - APULEIUS • Apuleius (Rome – II century A.D.) Metamorphosis

  8. MIDDLE AGES - DANTE DANTE ALIGHIERI (1265-1321) Divina Commedia • Animals used as allegories and with religious meaning • Lion, Wolf, Leopard

  9. Lion Wolf Pride Fox Leopard

  10. MIDDLE AGES- BOCCACCIO GIOVANNI BOCCACCIO (1313-1375) Decameron • Animals used to achieve personal goals, practical purposes • Federigo degli Alberighi • Chichibio e la gru

  11. RENAISSANCE • Giambattista Basile (1566-1632) • Giovanni Francesco Straparola ( 1480-1557) • Collection of ancient fables and fairy tales • Description of uncommon animals

  12. 20th CENTURY • Ultimate work on regional folk tales • Aims: - select - rewrite - reinterpret - spread Italo Calvino (1923-1985) Fiabe italiane

  13. AND FINALLY… Pinocchio by Carlo Collodi (1826-1890)

  14. fox cricket intruder hawk cat

  15. AND FINALLY… Pinocchio by Carlo Collodi (1826-1890) “Such a hurry, but where are you running, where are you going? If you listen to us for a moment, you will understand,He's the cat, and I'm the fox,We are business partners, you can trust us...”

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