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Exploring Educational Philosophy: A Guide to Key Concepts and Branches

Discover the meaning and importance of philosophy in education, including metaphysics, epistemology, and axiology. Learn about major traditional philosophies such as Idealism, Realism, Pragmatism, and Existentialism.

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Exploring Educational Philosophy: A Guide to Key Concepts and Branches

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  1. Dr. Nurulwahida Azid School of Education and Modern Languages Universiti Utara Malaysia EDUCATIONAL & CURRICULUM Philosophy MAJOR CURRICULUM PHILOSOPHY

  2. THE MEANING OF PHILOSOPHY • Philosophy means "love of wisdom." • It is made up of two Greek words, philo, meaning love, and sophos, meaning wisdom

  3. WHY WE NEED PHILOPSOPHY • Philosophy helps teachers to reflect on key issues and concepts in education. • usually through such questions as: • What is being educated? • What is the good life? • What is knowledge? • What is the nature of learning? • And what is teaching?

  4. PHILOSOPHERS • Philosophers think about the meaning of things and interpretation of that meaning.

  5. THREE BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY METAPHYSICS • What is the nature of REALITY? EPISTEMOLOGY • What is the nature of KNOWLEDGE? AXIOLOGY - What is the nature of VALUES?

  6. METAPHYSICS • ONE OF THE KEY CONCEPTS OF UNDERSTANDING PHILOSOPHIES: • CONCERNED WITH REALITY AND EXISTENCE ASKS: WHAT IS THE NATURE OF REALITY? SUBDIVIDE INTO TWO CATEGORIES • ONTOLOGY: What is the nature of existence • COSMOLOGY: Origin and organization of the universe

  7. EPISTEMOLOGY • RAISES QUESTIONS ABOUT THE NATURE OF KNOWLEDGE • LOGIC IS A KEY DIMENSION TO EPISTEMOLOGY TWO KINDS OF LOGIC: • Deductive logic: from general to specific • Inductive logic: from specific facts to generalization

  8. AXIOLOGY • EXPLORES THE NATURE OF VALUES • ETHICS: study of human conduct and examines moral values • AESTHETICS: values beauty, nature, and aesthetic experience (often associated with music, art, literature, dance, theater, and other fine arts)

  9. MAJOR TRADITIONAL PHILOSOPHY • IDEALISM • REALISM • PRAGMATISM • EXISTENTIALISM

  10. MAJOR TRADITIONAL PHILOSOPHY:IDEALISM • CONSIDERED OLDEST PHILOSOPHY OF WESTERN CULTURE • THE WORLD OF MIND, IDEAS AND REASON IS PRIMARY • METAPHYSICS: stresses mind over matter (nothing is real except for an idea in the mind) • EPISTEMOLOGY: all knowledge includes a mental grasp of ideas and concepts • AXIOLOGY: values are rooted in reality IDEALISTS BELIEVE THAT VALUES CAN BE CLASSIFIED AND ORDERED INTO A HIERARCHY

  11. MAJOR TRADITIONAL PHILOSOPHY:REALISM • The antithesis of Idealism • Universe exists whether mind perceives it or not • METAPHYSICS- reality composed of matter (body) and form (mind) • EPISTEMOLOGY- sense realism (knowledge comes through senses) • AXIOLOGY- values derived from nature

  12. LEADING PROPONENTS OF REALISM • ARISTOTLE- father of realism -student of Plato -argued that knowledge can be acquired through senses

  13. MAJOR TRADITIONAL PHILOSOPHIES:PRAGMATISM • Also known as experimentalism- experience or things that work • Philosophy of 20th century developed by John Dewey • METAPHYSICS- regard reality as an event or process. Meaning is derived from experience in environment. • EPISTEMOLOGY- truth is not absolute but determined by consequences. Arrived at by inquiry, testing, questioning, retesting, ect. • Axiology- primarily focused on values. Determined by own experiences.

  14. LEADING PROPONENTS OF PRAGMATISM CHARLES DARWIN -theory of natural selection implied reality was open ended, not fixed

  15. MAJOR TRADITIONAL PHILOSOPHIES:EXISTENTIALISM • Focus on personal and subjective existence • Emphasis on the individual and self-fulfillment • De-emphasize the idea of the group • METAPHYSICS - no purpose or meaning to universe. No world order or natural scheme of things • EPISTEMOLOGY - we come to know truth by choice. The authority is found in self. • AXIOLOGY - choice to determine value.

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