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PDAs and Forensic Science

What will be covered?. PDA Overview

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PDAs and Forensic Science

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    1. PDAs and Forensic Science CGS5132 � Computer Forensics II 04.16.02 Aaron Weiss Title ScreenTitle Screen

    2. What will be covered? PDA Overview � What is a PDA? What Operating Systems are used? What are some popular brand names? Why should we learn about PDAs? Data Imaging � Memory and file system structure; Imaging methods; Is an exact image possible? Forensic Analysis � Recovery of deleted records; Importance of timing; Timestamps; Password Retrieval; Relevant Software � ppd; CodeWarrior for Palm OS; PDA Defense;

    3. PDA Overview PDA is acronym for �Personal Digital Assistant�; Also, commonly referred to as �Palm device� or �handheld.� Common Name Brands: 3Com Palm (www.semi.org shows Palm leads industry), Handspring Visor, Casio Cassiopeia, Compaq iPaq, HP Jornada. Operating Systems � Palm OS (Palm, Sony, Handspring), Windows for Palm (HP); MS Pocket PC (Compaq), Embedix (Sharp); Palm OS is most popular. Why are PDAs important to us as forensic scientists? Annual sales growth expectations for 2001 � 2005 are between 15% and 30% (www.informationweek.com)

    4. Data Imaging File Structure � (Palm OS) PDB, PRC, PQA; These databases are stored like files on a disk, using resource pointers. These �records� can be recovered. Memory structure � Tied directly into file system; user data, program stack, pen strokes, key presses, and system events are stored in the dynamic portion of the memory. This memory has a different starting point for each processor. Making an exact image � Specifically using ppd (most popular method); A MD5 hash applied to subsequent acquisitions of the same device will not match, due to the re-initialization of heaps.

    5. Forensic Analysis Deleted records can be recovered. The Palm OS does not completely erase records until a successful HotSync has been completed. Importance of timing � Deleted files; viewed encrypted files leaves the cleartext component on the system for some time; imaging success on first attempt is important because after a soft reset, some data can be lost. Timestamps � 3 Timestamps: 4-Byte Value; creation date, modification date, and last backup date (if ever); These dates can be easily modified. Password Retrieval � Passwords are transmitted through imaging into �Unsaved Preferences.�

    6. Relevant Software ppd � Palm dd; based off of the Unix dd; This is the most popular Palm forensics software; http://www.@stake.com/research/tools/pdd-1.10.zip CodeWarrior for Palm OS � Used to put Palm devices into �Debug Mode.� This allows communication via serial port, imaging, and can be used to overcome lockout protection. http://www.codewarrior.com/products/palm PDA Defense � 3rd Party Lockout software; Difficult to bypass. http://www.pdadefense.com/palm.asp

    7. References http://www.pdadefense.com/palm.asp TUCOFS - The Ultimate Collection of Forensic Software Psion Place: Message Boards: Developers: Forensic Analysis of Psion Devices @stake Research Labs - Research Reports http://www.informationweek.com http://www.semi.org

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