Standardization o ｆ Public Transport Information in Japan

1. Standardization oｆ Public Transport Information in Japan April 2, 2007 Hironori Anetai Road Transport Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport Japan

2. Comparison of bus transport service • between “Japan” and “Europe/USA”. The majority of bus transport services in Japan are provided by the private enterprises. See figure below showing the number of bus users in Japan.

3. The majority of bus transport services in Europe/USA are managed and operated by Local governments. *Bus services in major Europe cities are provided by the local government London South Yorkshire Paris Greater London Authority ↓ Transport for London（TfL） ↓ London Bus Tender ↓Entrusted Bus operator County borough （Transport bureau） ↓ South Yorkshire Passenger Transport Executive (SYPTE) 10%Tender↓90% free competition Bus operator City of Paris ↓ Managing Committee ↓ Paris Transport Association (STP) ↓Entrusted operation Regie Autonome des Transports Parisiens (RATP) and Private transport operator Berlin Stockholm City of Berlin ↓100% share holding Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe (BVG) Stockholms Län ↓100% share holding Stockholms Län Transport Bureau Tender↓Entrusted Bus operator *The 70% of bus services in major USA cities is provided by local government

4. Characteristics of bus transport in Japan. ◆By using inventive ideas of private enterprises, effective service improvements can be achieved. ◆Government/local government spending can be minimized. Advantages ◆Duplications of capital investment for similar systems/service improvements occur among various bus companies. ◆Financially weak bus companies can’t introduce new and advanced systems. Disadvantages Establishing standards for public transport information is required

5. (2) Objectives of Establishing Standards for Public Transport Information Standard Data Format • Improving user convenience by providing bus transport information • Regionally integrated, uniform bus transport information • * Collaboration among multiple operators • * Collaboration among multiple modes of transportation • Improving user service through more advanced information services • * Providing public transport information on multimedia • * Providing highly real-time information • (2) More efficient bus management (improving efficiency of operation management and information services, etc.) • Support for establishing infrastructures to provide bus transport information • * Support for introduction of bus location systems •  Collaboration among various types of systems and cost reduction • * Support for standardization of data systems

6. (3) Future Image Realized through Effective Application of Standardized Public Transport Information Standard Data Format Collaboration among multiple operators  Including transfer information for passengers using buses of multiple operators Utilization Collaboration with other modes of transportation  Including information for transferring between trains and buses Providing public transport information on multimedia  Including home digital TVs, office PCs and cell phones Proliferation Providing highly real-time information  Including transfer information with current operating status of each mode of transportation

7. You can scan an IC card at the station ticket gate to receive cell phone e-mail on where to board the bus and its departure time. Using a cell phone to access information on transfers to reach a destination I don't know which bus to transfer to in order to get to my destination. You can recheck bus operating status on a general bus information display at the station. Arriving at the destination on schedule ◆ Future Image Realized by Effective Application of Standardized Public Transport Information (Accessing information while in transit)

8. *Buses are often delayed on rainy days because of traffic congestion. *I can't find out about the operating status of the train I want to transfer to until I arrive at the station. *Search for a different route to work using a PC *Simultaneously search for departure times at your nearest bus stop You can check the bus operating status using information services on digital morning news shows before going to work. Obtain information on approaching buses using digital TV broadcasts The bus arrives on schedule at the bus stop, and you can transfer from the bus to the train to get to work on time. ◆ Future Image Realized by Effective Application of Standardized Public Transport Information (Accessinginformation at home)

9. (4) Past Efforts by the Ministry Start studies on standard public transport information data format since 1997 Field trials to provide bus transport information (static information) through Internet 1997 Yokohama, 1999 Tokyo/Kanagawa, 2000 Okinawa Field trials on bus transport information (static and real-time) using Standardized Public Transport Information Data Format at, “2000 Sapporo, 2002 Gifu/Hiroshima, 2004 Nagoya, 2005 Kyoto and 2006 Fukuoka/Ooita” 2006: Large scale field trials ; Standardized Public Transport Information Data Format has been applied to approx. 150 highway bus location systems throughout Japan 2007: Field trails using Standard Public Transport Information Data Format applied to Tokyo city bus system are being performed this spring

10. ◆ Flow of Model Experiments Carried out by Road Transport Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, Japan 1997: Yokohama 1999: Tokyo/Kanagawa 2000: Okinawa 2000: Sapporo 2002: Gifu/Hiroshima 2004: Nagoya 2005: Kyoto 2006: Fukuoka/Ooita 2006: Approx.150 Highway bus systems** 2007: Tokyo 2000: Sapporo 2002: Gifu 2005: Kyoto 2007: Tokyo 2002: Hiroshima 2006: Fukuoka/ Ooita 1999: Tokyo/ Kanagawa 2004: Nagoya 1997:Yokohama 2006: ** 2000:Okinawa

11. (5) Current Activity by the Ministry Studies on standard public transport information data format continues to establish standards for public transport information in Japan Evaluation process of highway bus field trial results continues to reflect to next version of data format Field trails using Standard Public Transport Information Data Format applied to Tokyo city bus system are being performed this spring

12. ２．Overview of the Standardization ◆Data Parameters Routes, timetables, bus stops, operators, terminals, transfers, fares, traffic routes, surrounding facilities, real-time information, etc. ◆Objectives of Standardization Sharing data among different operators and enabling the exchange of data between information centers. ◆Characteristics 1) Coordination with existing bus location systems 2) Collaboration with other modes of transportation and multimedia 3) Utilization in various fields and services 4) Consideration for the related ISO/CEN international standardizations , such as PTCIP , Transmodel and etc. ◆Reference URL http://www.mlit.go.jp/jidosha/busloca/index.html

13. 3. Planned applications ◆ Easy use in various media device • Easy use for non-PC/Internet users • Provide information by easy media ,such as • Digital Terrestrial TV Broadcasting and etc. Standard Data Format Image of Bus Location System by Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting ◆ Bus user convenience • Bus reservation system • New services