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Understanding Plant Adaptations: Xerophytes, Halophytes, Mesophytes, and Hydrophytes

Explore the fascinating adaptations of four key plant types: xerophytes, halophytes, mesophytes, and hydrophytes. Xerophytes thrive in dry climates, adapting to unfavorable water balance with features such as reduced respiration and water storage. Halophytes, like mangroves, flourish in salty environments, using specialized root systems to filter excess salts. Mesophytes prefer moderate water conditions, while hydrophytes are aquatic plants, exhibiting adaptations like aeration tissues and unique leaf structures. Discover how these plants cope with their environments!

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Understanding Plant Adaptations: Xerophytes, Halophytes, Mesophytes, and Hydrophytes

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  1. HALOPHYTES, XEROPHYTES, HYDROPHYTES, MESOPHYTES CAPE BIOLOGY UNIT 2 OCTOBER 31, 201`

  2. Xerophytes • Plants adapted to conditions of unfavorable water balance e.g. hot climates, dry climates, cold or frozen climates. • Mesophytes (opposite) • Halophytes live in salty regions

  3. Xerophytes

  4. Halophytes • Plants that can tolerate water of high salinity or salt content. • E.g. are the sea grape and mangroves which have a special filtering system in the roots to remove excess salts.

  5. Xerophytes, halophytes and some mesophytes have xeromorphic features such as: • reduced respiration rate • storage of water (succulents) • resistance to desiccation

  6. Hydrophytes • Plants live submerged in water. • Live in marshes, swamps and aquatic regions • Adaptive features : • aeration tissue (lacunae) • absence of sclerenchyma and underdeveloped xylem • Submerged leaves lack stomata • Floating leaves have stomata in the adaxial epidermal surface only

  7. Hydrophytes

  8. Lacunae

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