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Understanding Translocation: Sugar Movement in Plants and Its Role in Growth

Translocation is the movement of sucrose and amino acids through the phloem, facilitating plant growth. Glucose produced in the leaves is converted to sucrose, which enters phloem tubes and is transported to growing buds for energy and building cellulose cell walls, or to roots for storage as starch. Applied chemicals like pesticides can also be translocated. Systemic pesticides absorbed by the plant can effectively kill pests that consume any part of the plant. Understanding this process is crucial for agriculture and plant health management.

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Understanding Translocation: Sugar Movement in Plants and Its Role in Growth

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  1. Traslocation

  2. translocation • Trasnlocation: Movement of sucrose and amino acids in the pholem • Glucose made from leaves is converted into sucrose in the leaves • Sugar moves into the pholem tubes • The pholem tubes carry sugar to growing buds (need it for energy and make cellulose cell walls for new cells) • Or pholem also transports it roots • Sugar can be changed into starch and stored.

  3. Translocation of applied chemicals • Pesticides kill pests that can harm plants • Contact pesticide – pesticide has to touch the pest in order to kill it • Systemic pesticide – plant absorbs the pesticide into its tissue • The pholemtranslocates it all over the plant • Any pest that eats the plant will die.

  4. Sources to sinks • Source – part of the plant where glucose or sucrose is produced • Sink – part of the plant were glucose or sucrose is produced (in difference seasons) goes to. • Eg. Potato • Spring – potato planted (tubers – contain starch and is broken down and changed into sucrose) - pholem carries it to the shoots that grow out of the tuber. This will continue until leaves break the soil surface and can photosynthesize.

  5. Summer – leaves fully develop continue to photosynthesize (now they are source for sucrose) - Some sucrose is transported down to the roots where it is used to produce new tubers • Autumn – Leaves all die (tubers left underground) • In spring – they will grow new shoots again

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