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Unit 2 The First People in Washington

Unit 2 The First People in Washington. WA State History. Section 1: Origins and Names Section 2: Coastal Cultures Section 3: Plateau Cultures. Unit 2: The First People in Washington. Knowledge Values Beliefs Traditions. What things are part of a culture?.

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Unit 2 The First People in Washington

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  1. Unit 2The First People in Washington WA State History

  2. Section 1: Origins and Names • Section 2: Coastal Cultures • Section 3: Plateau Cultures Unit 2: The First People in Washington

  3. Knowledge • Values • Beliefs • Traditions What things are part of a culture?

  4. Migrated from Asia during the last Ice Age How do most anthropologists believe people first came to North America?

  5. Lost tribe of Israel • People who crossed from Asia, Europe, or Middle East Mention at least two other possible origins for the first Americans.

  6. Human cultures of the past • Examine things they have left behind What does an archaeologist study?

  7. 10,000 years According to archaeologists, people have been living in Washington for at least how long?

  8. Reminds us that these people were the original people of America • Indian technically means “from India” Why is the term “Native American” more accurate than “Indian”?

  9. Coastal Indians • Plateau Indians What two main groupings are often used to describe Native American cultures in Washington?

  10. Trading What was the special skill of the Chinook tribe?

  11. Met to fish, visit, trade, share food and entertainment What contact did Washington tribes have with the tribes to the north and east?

  12. Longhouses that faced the sea • Moveable walls to separate families • Wooden platforms built into walls like bunks What buildings made up a coastal village?

  13. Cedar What tree provided material for houses, mats, and floor coverings?

  14. Number one food supply • Believed they were immortal and reincarnated • Held ceremonies to thank salmon for sacrificing themselves Describe the importance of salmon to the Coastal people.

  15. Respect and appreciation • Believed everything had a spirit What was the Coastal people’s attitude toward natural resources?

  16. Seafood • Halibut, cod, herring, smelt, clams, oysters • Seals, otter, whales • Edible plants • Roots and berries • Camas rood What other food besides salmon did the Coastal people eat?

  17. To collect plants and hunt and fish Why did they travel each year to traditional gathering grounds?

  18. Canoes What was the Coastal people’s main form of transportation?

  19. Wealth and status • Wealth came from possessions and family history • Lowest rank was slave How was a person’s rank determined in tribal villages of the coast?

  20. Possessions • Family histories • The right to perform songs, dances, or ceremonies Which things might a wealthy Coastal person inherit?

  21. Given on special occasions • Marriage • Receiving inheritance • Given to confirm certain events • Giving names to children • Increasing one’s status • Announcing one’s social standing What were some of the purposes of the potlatch?

  22. All living and non-living things According to the Coastal people, what things had spirits?

  23. Healers • Spiritual leaders What was the shaman’s role in Coastal life?

  24. Shared culture through spoken legends • Respected and sacred form of history and entertainment What were the functions of oral legends in Coastal life?

  25. The history of the family who owned the totem pole What do the figures on the northern tribes’ totem poles represent?

  26. Woodcarvings • Baskets • Totem poles • Rain hats • Blankets Name some art objects that the Coastal people are famous for.

  27. East of the Cascades Where did the Plateau Indians live?

  28. Not so richly supplied with food • Had to travel to get food How did geography influence food-gathering on the Plateau?

  29. Living and working together How are hunting and gathering related to a sense of loyalty to the tribe?

  30. They could travel faster and over greater distances • They could visit and communicate more often • There was greater unity • They could carry heavy loads • Hunting was easier and faster Name some ways that horses changed the lives of the Plateau Indians.

  31. Pit houses with mat roof • Tepees • Leather clothing • Robes of animal skins • Snowshoes How did the cold winter climate influence Plateau houses and clothing?

  32. Tribal Council (chiefs and leaders) • There was no “one voice” for the tribe How were tribal decisions made in a Plateau village?

  33. Skills • Not heritage, wealth, and status How were leaders chosen among Plateau people?

  34. Spirits in all things • Spirit quests • Ceremonies to honor salmon, hunting, and gathering How were the religious beliefs of Plateau and Coastal cultures similar?

  35. They shared their beliefs and values • Preserved their culture How were oral legends important in Plateau cultures?

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