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Energy Storage Overview Thomas Johnson Alaska Center for Energy and Power

Energy Storage Overview Thomas Johnson Alaska Center for Energy and Power. Alaska Center for Energy and Power http://www.uaf.edu/acep/ (907) 474 1145. ACEP (907) 474 1143 www.uaf.edu/acep. Overview. Why? Types of storage

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Energy Storage Overview Thomas Johnson Alaska Center for Energy and Power

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  1. Energy Storage Overview Thomas Johnson Alaska Center for Energy and Power Alaska Center for Energy and Power http://www.uaf.edu/acep/ (907) 474 1145 ACEP (907) 474 1143 www.uaf.edu/acep

  2. Overview • Why? • Types of storage • ACEP flow battery experiences • Energy storage in Alaska

  3. Why Storage and Why Now? • Balance supply and demand • Load leveling • Load shifting • UPS – Uninterruptible Power Supply • Potential to save fuel and $$$

  4. Types of Storage • Potential • Elevation difference • Electrochemical • Super capacitors • Chemical • Magnetic • Mechanical • Kinetic • Thermal

  5. Fossil Fuel & Biomass

  6. Hydrogen • Yes, hydrogen can be used for energy storage • In most applications there are better alternatives

  7. Compressed Gas

  8. Hydroelectric • Reservoir storage • Energy = mgh • Pumped hydroelectric ~70% efficient Needs the right circumstances Elevation change

  9. Super Capacitors • “Battery”-like characteristics • Extremely rapid charge and discharge • Virtually no degradation • High self-discharge rate • Not suitable for long term storage

  10. Flywheels • Kinetic energy storage • Energy=1/2 mv2 • Changed from heavy rotors to fast rotors • Turn around efficiency up to 85% • Short-term storage • Containment?

  11. Batteries • Electrochemical storage • Can be efficient • The technology is rapidly improving • Most types degrade

  12. Other • Liquid metal battery • Magnetic storage • Thermal storage • And…

  13. Flow Batteries at ACEP

  14. Flow Batteries at ACEP • Vanadium redox batteries • VRB and Prudent Energy • Turn around efficiency 65%-75% • Very low degradation • High self-discharge rate • The “stack” was reliable • The VRB balance of plant was not

  15. Pumps

  16. Leaks

  17. Storage in Alaska • Installations throughout the state • Various levels of success • Or lack thereof… • A few examples:

  18. Usibelli Coal Mine • Electrically-operated dragline • 6 MW draw, 2 MW regeneration, 60 second cycle time • Caused grid stability problems • 40 ton, 1000 rpm Flywheel was installed and reduced the fluctuations from 8MW to .5 MW • Installed in 1982 and still in use

  19. Chena Hot Springs Batteries • 1 MW • Battery module intended as a UPS • Lead acid chemistry • Not suitable for load leveling • Never commissioned…

  20. Premium Power Battery • 500 kW, 3.4 MWhr • Delivered to Kotzebue in October 2011 • Zinc-Bromide chemistry • Intended to provide storage during times of excess wind. • Never commissioned • Being returned to the manufacturer…

  21. Wales • Wind-diesel hybrid system • Battery and thermal storage enabled diesel-off operation • System proved it could work • For a variety of reasons, the system is no longer used and Wales is once again 100% diesel

  22. Golden Valley BESS • Largest battery in the world • Nickel-Cadmium chemistry • 27 MW • 6.25 MWh capacity • Electrical Energy equivalent to ~400 gallons of fuel • It works

  23. Questions?

  24. For more information on the Alaska Center for Energy and Power, please visit http://www.uaf.edu/acep/ Or call (907) 474-1145 Alaska Center for Energy and Power http://www.uaf.edu/acep/ (907) 474-1145

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