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Understanding Mixtures: Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Types

This chapter explores the fundamental concepts of mixtures, distinguishing between heterogeneous and homogeneous types. Heterogeneous mixtures, such as fruit salad, are not uniform throughout, while homogeneous mixtures, like saltwater, are consistent. It discusses suspensions, colloids, and emulsions, outlining their characteristics and examples, such as orange juice and mayonnaise. Furthermore, it explains the differences between particles in colloids and suspensions and introduces the terms solute, solvent, and miscible liquids, detailing their separation methods like evaporation and distillation.

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Understanding Mixtures: Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Types

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  1. Chapter 6 Section 1 Solutions and Other Mixtures

  2. Any sample of matter is either a pure substance or a mixture

  3. Heterogeneous Mixture • Heterogeneous Mixture: mixture that is not the same throughout • Example: fruit salad • Suspension: mixture that looks uniform when stirred or shaken but separates into different layers when left alone. • Example: orange juice

  4. Suspensions

  5. Colloid: mixture of tiny particles that are dispersed in another substance but do not settle out of the substance • Examples: egg white, paint, blood • There are 2 differences between particles in colloids and those in susensions: • Particles in colloids are much smaller than those in suspensions • Particles in colloids do not settle to the bottom b/c their particle size is so small

  6. Colloids

  7. Immiscible Liquids: two or more liquids, solids, or gases, that don’t mix • To separate immiscible liquids you can: • Pour the less dense liquid off the top • Use a special container to get the dense liquid off the bottom • Emulsion: mixture of immiscible liquids in which liquids are spread throughout one another. • Example: mayonnaise

  8. Emulsion

  9. Homogeneous Mixture • Homogeneous mixture: mixture that is uniform throughout • Example: salt water (salt water can be separated by evaporation or boiling away the water.)

  10. Solution: a homogeneous mixture of 2 or more substances uniformly spread throughout a single phase.

  11. Solute: the substance that dissolves in a solution. • Example: aquarium salt • Solvent: the substance that dissolves the solute. • Example: water (universal solvent) • Miscible Liquids: 2 or more liquids that form a single layer when mixed. • You can separate miscible liquids by a process called distillation

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