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STATISTIKA

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  1. STATISTIKA PENDAHULUAN TEKNIK INFORMATIKAUNIVERSITAS ATMA JAYA YOGYAKARTA

  2. MENGAPA BELAJAR STATISTIKA ???

  3. SILABUS • Tinjauan umum statistik • Pengumpulan data • Penyajian data • Ukuran pemusatan data • Ukuran penyebaran data • Probabilitas • Analisis regresi • Analisis korelasi • Inferensi statistik

  4. REFERENSI • Statistika dan Ilmu Peluang untuk Insinyur dan Ilmuwan, Walpole dan Meyer • Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientist, Antony J. Hayter • Teori dan aplikasi Statistika dan Probabilitas, Dr. Boediono dan Dr. Ir. Wayan Koster, MM • Statistics, a first course, sixth edition, Donald H. Sanders and Robert K. Smidt • Probability and Statistics for Engineering, Computing and Physical Sciences, Edward R. Dougherty

  5. PENILAIAN • Ujian Tengah Semester 35% • UjianAkhir Semester 35% • Quis + Tugas + Aktivitas 30%

  6. TINJAUAN UMUM STATISTIK • Kata “statistics” (bhs Inggris) dapat berarti: 1. data (dalam bhs Indonesia : statistik) 2. ilmu (dalam bhs Indonesia : statistika)

  7. STATISTIK • berarti : - data / kumpulan data / fakta - ukuran sebagai wakil dari kumpulan data mengenai suatu hal tertentu (bhs Ing : statistic)

  8. STATISTIKA • didefinisikan sebagai: ilmu yang berhubungan dengan cara-cara pengumpulan, pengolahan, penyajian dan penganalisisan data serta penarikan kesimpulan dan pembuatan keputusan berdasarkan fakta/data dan hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan

  9. STATISTIKA (2) • Statistikadikelompokkanmenjadi : 1. Statistikadeskriptif : statistika yang berhubungandengan pengumpulan, pengolahandanpenyajian data 2. Statistikainduktif / inferensia : statistika yang berhubungandengan analisisdanpenarikankesimpulan

  10. MANFAAT STATISTIKA • Menggambarkan dan mengerti relasi numerik diantara variabel-variabel - jumlah data yang dikumpulkan, diproses dan ditampilkan sangat banyak, shg perlu mengidentifikasi dan menjelaskan relasi diantara variabel yang penting dalam pengambilan keputusan • Sebagai alat bantu dalam pengambilan keputusan - metode-metode statistik memungkinkan membuat keputusan yang lebih baik untuk menghadapi ketidakpastian.

  11. DEFINISI-DEFINISI • Populasi: suatukumpulanseluruh pengukuran, obyekatauindividu-individu yang diamati • Sampel: bagiandaripopulasi yang diamati • Parameter : suatuukuran yang diambildari populasi • Statistik: suatuukuran yang diambildari sampel

  12. SOAL • Sebuah perusahaan pembuatan chip komputer mengklaim bahwa chip rusak yang mereka hasilkan kurang dari 10% dari seluruh produksi mereka. Ketika 1000 chip diambil dari suatu produksi yang besar, 7,5% ditemukan rusak. a. Tentukan populasi dan sampel. b. Apa parameter dan statistik yang diteliti c. 10 % parameter / statistik ? d. 7,5 % parameter / statistik ?

  13. SOAL • Mengapa umumnya dianggap lebih praktis mendapatkan nilai data dari sampel daripada dari populasi ? Berikan alasan Anda.

  14. MATERI TAMBAHAN

  15. Statistics: Overview We begin with some definitions. Definition 1.1. Statistics is the science of data. This involves collecting, classifying, summarizing, organizing, and interpreting numerical information.

  16. Statistics: Overview Definition 1.2. Descriptive statistics utilizes numerical and graphical methods to look for patterns in a data set, to summarize the information revealed in a data set, and to present that information in a convenient form.

  17. Statistics: Overview Definition 1.3. Inferential statistics utilizes sample data to make estimates, decisions, predictions, or other generalizations about a larger set of data.

  18. Statistics: Overview Definition 1.3. An experimental unit is an object (e.g., person, thing, transaction, or event) upon which we collect data.

  19. Statistics: Overview Definition 1.5. A populationis a set of units (usually people, objects, transactions, or events) that we are interested in studying.

  20. Statistics: Overview Definition 1.6. A variableis a characteristic or property of an individual population unit. We measure a variable for members of the population. If we measure a variable for every member of a population that is a census.

  21. Statistics: Overview Definition 1.7. A sampleis a subset of the units of a population. Definition 1.8. A statistical inference is an estimate, prediction, or some other generalization about a population based on information contained in a sample.

  22. Statistics: Overview Definition 1.9. A measure of reliability is a statement (usually quantified) about the degree of uncertainty associated with a statistical inference.

  23. Statistics: Overview Four Elements of Descriptive Statistical Problems • The population or sample of interest. • One or more variables (characteristics of the population or sample units) that are to be investigated. • Tables, graphs, or numerical summary tools. • Identification of patterns in the data.

  24. Statistics: Overview Five Elements of Inferential Statistical Problems • The population of interest. • One or more variables (characteristics of the population units) that are to be investigated. • The sample of population units. • The inference about the population based on information contained in the sample. • A measure of reliability for the inference..

  25. Statistics: Overview So data are variable measurements for a population or sample of interest. Descriptivestatistics uses tables, graphs, or numerical summaries to describe data and identify patterns in it.

  26. Statistics: Overview Inferentialstatistics draws conclusions about a feature of a variable for a population based on features of the variable for a sample. The conclusions are qualified with a measure of reliability.

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