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Acids & Alkalis In Everyday Life

This lesson delves into the role of acids and alkalis in our daily lives, recapping previous knowledge and exploring their properties and reactions. We'll cover fundamental reactions, such as neutralization and reactions with metals and carbonates. Participants will engage in practical experiments using various solutions, testing their acidity or alkalinity with litmus paper and universal indicators. Through this interactive approach, students will learn how to address common issues like insect stings and indigestion with acidity management and understand the environmental impact of acid rain.

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Acids & Alkalis In Everyday Life

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  1. Acids & Alkalis In Everyday Life

  2. Today’s Lesson • Some recapping from last lesson • Acids & Alkalis in everyday life • Experiment

  3. Basics • Acid + Metal Hydroxide  Metal Salt + Water • Acid + Metal  Metal Salt + Hydrogen • Acid + Metal Carbonate  Metal Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide • Acid + Metal Oxide  Metal Salt + Water

  4. Neutralization • What makes something an acid?? • For Hydrochloric Acid: • HCl (aq)  H+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) • What makes a base a base? • For Sodium Hydroxide: • NaOH (aq)  Na+ (aq) + OH- (aq)

  5. Neutralization Reaction • Below is an example of a neutralization reaction: • HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq) NaCl (aq) + H2O (l) • As ions, you would write it like this: • H+ (aq) + OH- (aq)  H2O (l) • Note how the Hydrogen and Hydroxide form water!

  6. Let’s Get Neutral • Acids and bases are commonly used as cleaning products. • There are also different ways in neutralize different problems: • Insect stings: these are acidic so adding a weak alkali (like baking soda or calamine lotion can get rid of the sting • Indigestion: Your stomach has acid in it – so if your stomach gets unsettled acid can go up your esophagus. Adding baking soda can get rid of the problem

  7. Continued • Soil treatment. Different plants like to grow at different pH levels. If the soil is acidic, you can add a alkali such as lime (not the fruit). If it’s alkali, you can add a weak base. • Factory Waste. Factory waste often contains acid. Slacked lime can be used to neutralize the acid to make salt and water. What other problems can this cause??

  8. Acid Rain • Adding certain compounds in the air can cause acid rain. Below are some examples: • Carbon Dioxide can make carbonic acid • Sulfur dioxide can make Sulfuric Acid • Nitric Oxides can make Nitric oxide • Many older buildings are made of limestone, which can become corroded from acid rain.

  9. Questions • Read page 50/51 and answer Q1-6 in your book. Remember to include the question and write in sentences.

  10. Experiment • Today, there will be a number of different solutions. Your job is to do the following: • In your book, predict which you think is an acid, neutral or alkali. • Test using the litmus paper (red and blue) • Test using the universal indicator • Test using the data logger (time dependant) • Was your prediction correct or incorrect? Explain why. • Mention which is the most useful way to measure pH, along with the most usable.

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