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PSYCHOLOGY 8th Edition, in Modules David Myers

2. Schizophrenia. If depression is the common cold of psychological disorders schizophrenia is the cancer.. Nearly 1 in a 100 suffer from schizophrenia and world over 24 million people suffer from this disease (WHO, 2002).. Strikes young people as they mature into adults. Affects men and women equally, but men suffer from it more severely than women..

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PSYCHOLOGY 8th Edition, in Modules David Myers

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    1. 1 PSYCHOLOGY (8th Edition, in Modules) David Myers Module 52 Schizophrenia

    2. 2 Schizophrenia If depression is the common cold of psychological disorders schizophrenia is the cancer.

    3. 3 Symptoms of Schizophrenia Literal translation “split mind”. A group of severe disorders characterized by: OBJECTIVE 51-1| Describe the symptoms of schizophrenia, and differentiate delusion and hallucinations.OBJECTIVE 51-1| Describe the symptoms of schizophrenia, and differentiate delusion and hallucinations.

    4. 4 Disorganized & Delusional Thinking Many psychologists believe disorganized thoughts occur because of selective attention failure (fragmented and bizarre thoughts).

    5. 5 Disturbed Perceptions A schizophrenic person may perceive things that are not there (hallucinations). Frequently such hallucinations are auditory, and less often visual, somatosensory, olfactory or gustatory.

    6. 6 Inappropriate Emotions & Actions A schizophrenic person may laugh at the news of someone dying, or show no emotion at all (apathy).

    7. 7 Subtypes of Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a cluster of disorders. These subtypes share some features but there are other symptoms that differentiate these subtypes. OBJECTIVE 51-2| Distinguish the five subtypes of schizophrenia, and contrast chronic and reactive schizophrenia.OBJECTIVE 51-2| Distinguish the five subtypes of schizophrenia, and contrast chronic and reactive schizophrenia.

    8. Mr. James believes that people are constantly laughing at him and that FBI agents are trying to steal his life savings. Mr. James is most clearly suffering from: A. compulsions. B. catatonia. C. delusions. D. hallucinations.

    9. 9 Positive and Negative Symptoms Schizophrenics have inappropriate symptoms (hallucinations, disorganized thinking, deluded ways) not present in normal individuals (positive symptoms).

    10. 10 Chronic and Acute Schizophrenia When schizophrenia is slow to develop (chronic/process) recovery is doubtful. Such schizophrenics usually displays negative symptoms.

    11. 11 Subtypes

    12. If you have to be a schizophrenic person, your prognosis will be best if you are a ___________ schizophrenic Catatonic Disorganized Paranoid Undifferentiated

    13. Hank, who is diagnosed with schizophrenia, is currently in between psychotic episodes. However, he has not returned to his premorbid level of functioning. At this point, his diagnosis is: Catatonic Schizophrenia Undifferentiated Schizophrenia Paranoid Schizophrenia Residual Schizophrenia

    14. 14 Understanding Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a disease of the brain exhibited in the symptoms of the mind. OBJECTIVE 51-3| Outline some abnormal brain functions and structures associated with schizophrenia, and discuss the possible link between prenatal viral infections and schizophrenia.OBJECTIVE 51-3| Outline some abnormal brain functions and structures associated with schizophrenia, and discuss the possible link between prenatal viral infections and schizophrenia.

    15. 15 Abnormal Brain Activity Brain scans show abnormal activity in frontal cortex, thalamus and amygdala of schizophrenic patients. Also adolescent schizophrenic patients show brain lesions.

    16. 16 Abnormal Brain Morphology Schizophrenia patients may express morphological changes in the brain like enlargement of fluid filled ventricles.

    17. 17 Viral Infection Schizophrenia has also been observed in individuals who contracted a viral infection (flu) during the middle of their fetal development.

    18. 18 Genetic Factors The likelihood of individuals suffering from schizophrenia is 50% if their identical twins have the disease (Gottesman, 1991). OBJECTIVE 51-4| Discuss the evidence for a genetic contribution to the development of schizophrenia.OBJECTIVE 51-4| Discuss the evidence for a genetic contribution to the development of schizophrenia.

    19. 19 Genetic Factors Prevalence of schizophrenia in identical twins as seen in different countries.

    20. 20 Psychological Factors Psychological and environmental factors can trigger schizophrenia if the individual was genetically predisposed (Nicols & Gottesman, 1983). OBJECTIVE 51-5| Describe some psychological factors that may be early signs of schizophrenia in children.OBJECTIVE 51-5| Describe some psychological factors that may be early signs of schizophrenia in children.

    21. You have a patient who has been suffering from schizophrenia. He has had the symptoms for several years after they slowly appeared over a period of time. In addition, you know that one of his grandparents suffered from similar symptoms. Your patient seems generally withdrawn and emotionless. In fact, he rarely moves from his chair during the day.

    22. He rarely exhibits the bizarre delusions and hallucinations. What prognosis can you give his family? A. The prognosis is good because the symptoms are not very bizarre. B. The prognosis is good because new medications have been shown to alleviate these symptoms completely. C. The prognosis is poor because of the chronic nature of the disorder. D. The prognosis is poor because very few people with schizophrenia ever have remissions.

    23. 23 Warning Signs Early warning signs of schizophrenia include:

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