Breaking The Cycle:

1. Presented by: Chris Kelley & Eric Hughes Columbia, Missouri Police Department Mike McBride University of Missouri-Columbia Wellness Resource Center A COLLABORATIVE APPROACH TO REDUCING UNDERAGE DRINKING IN A BIG 12 CITY. Breaking The Cycle:

2. Objectives-- PARTICIPANTS WILL BE ABLE TO: • Effectively implement a task force of officers properly equipped to educate bar staff, document violations, and gather evidence using new technology and best practices. • Share and describe the importance of collaborating with stakeholders, state and city regulatory agencies, and Universities, to effectively implement a multifaceted approach to combat underage drinking.

3. Objectives-- PARTICIPANTS WILL BE ABLE TO: • Gather evidence using new technology and best practices. • Effectively implement evaluation strategies and use online assessment tools to determine strategy effectiveness

4. Problem: • Alcohol abuse and underage drinking is widespread in the United States • Columbia, Missouri is not immune to this nationwide problem. • Approximately 13,334,000 underage youth in The United States drink  each year. (http://www.udetc.org/UnderageDrinkingCosts.asp)

5. Problem: • In 2007 underage drinking cost the United States $7.4 billion in medical costs alone (http://www.udetc.org/UnderageDrinkingCosts.asp) • This could have paid for four years of college education for over 260,000 students. (http://www.collegeboard.com/student/pay/add-it-up/4494.html)

6. Problem • During 2007, an estimated 1,988 traffic fatalities involved an underage drinking driver. (http://www.udetc.org/UnderageDrinkingCosts.asp)

7. Problem • In 2006, an estimated 2,099 homicides involved an underage drinking perpetrator. • This is roughly equal to the number of attendees at this conference.

8. University of Missouri Underage College Students, March 2009 • Results from the 2009 Missouri College Health Behavior Survey, all MU students under 21 (n=819) • 20% drank at a bar or restaurant in the past year • 11.7% used a fake ID to access alcohol in the past year • 12.3% knew someone who worked at a bar who sold them alcohol • 17.3% went to an establishment where ID’s were not checked

9. Downtown Columbia, March 2009 • Bars were overcrowded/over capacity. • Assaults were frequent and police were not being notified of disturbances inside bars. • Patrons were being over-served. • Bars were allowing minors to drink without consequences. • Bar staff were not checking identification prior to service.

10. A New Approach • In May, 2009 Chief Ken Burton, new to the Columbia Police Department, was tasked with attacking the issues of underage drinking and assaults in and around bars in the Downtown Business District (known in Columbia as “The District”).

11. A New Approach • CPD partnered with the • University of Missouri Wellness Resource Center • Stakeholders of The District • State Alcohol and Tobacco Control (ATC) • Columbia Fire Department

12. A New Approach • New coalitions and groups were formed • Downtown Safety Summit • Formed to address safety concerns in The District • Comprised of business owners, police, clergy, bankers. • Extra arm of citizens backing up the mission of enforcement. • Substance Abuse Advisory Commission

13. A New Approach • A multifaceted, comprehensive approach, was implemented to achieve the desired outcomes that would allow our goals to be met. • Education • Environmental Strategies • Enforcement Environment Enforcement Education

14. Education:Prevention Education at MU • Presentations for incoming freshmen • Peer educators • Presentations for fraternities and athletics • Social Norms • ID Holders • MU Info

15. Education: Social Norms • MU mythbuster: Mizzou has great football fans. Absolutely true!! • Mizzou's Head Football Coach Gary Pinkel agrees: "Our fan base is a tremendous representative of our football program and this university. Just looking back on that Nebraska game, there were some very difficult weather conditions and we had 65,000 fans come support this team in a positive manner. We have the best fans in America here at Missouri and they reaffirm that fact each and every weekend." Based on research from the Wellness Resource Center; 87% of Mizzou tailgaters have a negative opinion of fans who are rude to the opposing team and 91.5% of Mizzou tailgaters have a negative opinion of fans who yell profanities at the games. For more information http://wellness.missouri.edu/Mythbusters/.   • Announcement sponsored by Wellness Resource Center, We Are Mizzou...We Take Pride In Our Choices, Department of Student Life

16. Education:Police Educational Strategies • Bouncers and Door Personnel were given tips on spotting false identifications. • Bar staff was educated on importance of implementing a “two-form-of-ID” requirement. • Signage provided for Bars to post educating Citizens about Open Container Laws. • TIPS (Training for Intervention ProcedureS) Training Classes held for bar staff.

17. Environmental Strategies: Example: Nuisance Party Ordinance • COLUMBIA, Mo. (AP) -- Columbia city council unanimously approves two new laws cracking down not only on nuisance party hosts but also their landlords. • The ordinances include tougher punishments for loud or rowdy social gatherings of ten or more people. • They also define 16 nuisance activities, from drug dealing and prostitution to littering and blocking traffic. • Violations can result in fines ranging from $500 to $4,000. The city also could shut down the property for as long as one year for repeated nuisance parties. • One resident told City Council that during several weekends a year she wishes that she lived somewhere else. Several University of Missouri students spoke against the measure, taking issue with the definition of a nuisance.

18. Enforcement: • Two sides of a coin: Prevention efforts and enforcement MUST go hand in hand to be effective

19. Columbia Police Department Downtown Patrol Unit Protecting and Serving The District with Pride! COLUMBIA POLICE DEPARTMENT COLUMBIA POLICE DEPARTMENT Enforcement Strategies • Compliance Checks • Bar Walk-Through • Badges in Businesses • High Visibility Uniforms (different than regular patrol officers) • Covert/Plain Clothes operations

20. Enforcement Anecdotes • déjà vu Comedy Club

21. Downtown Crime Statistics 2008-2009

22. Arrest NumbersCity of Columbia Downtown Special Business District Alcohol Related Ordinance Violations 2008 & 2009.

23. Results • A survey of college students (Missouri College Health Behavior Survey) conducted by the University indicated significant reductions in the consumption of alcohol.

24. Results: 2009 vs. 2010 Missouri College Health Behavior Survey

25. Results: 2009 vs. 2010 Missouri College Health Behavior Survey The 2009 MCHBS Survey was given in March, 2009. This was before the downtown patrol unit began in May, 2009.

26. An Interesting Trend, Part 1 Among all MU students, being arrested for DWI or having trouble with police related to alcohol use in the past year has increased.

27. An Interesting Trend, Part 2 Among all MU students, driving under the influence has dropped 23% since 2007.

28. An Interesting Trend: Conclusion • When the downtown patrol began, three changes occurred among MU students: • DWI arrests and students being in trouble with police INCREASED • Rates of reported impaired driving DECREASED • The number of different methods underage students accessed alcohol DECREASED.

29. Evaluating Strategy Effectiveness with Online Tools

30. Central Bible College Drury University Evangel University Harris-Stowe State University University of Central Missouri Lincoln University Missouri Southern State University Missouri State University Missouri Western State University Northwest Missouri State University Rockhurst University Saint Louis University Southeast Missouri State University Truman State University University of Missouri University of Missouri-Kansas City MO University of Science and Technology University of Missouri-St. Louis Westminster College Partners in Prevention (PIP) • Partnership of 19 prevention coalitions in Missouri campus Communities

31. PIP Provides Member Coalitions with Grant Money • Social norm and education items • Trainings: OJJDP NLC conference, Meeting of the Minds, compliance check and party dispersal trainings • Alcohol enforcement equipment: Voice recorders for compliance checks, UV flashlights, PBT’s • Overtime: compliance checks, DWI checkpoints, controlled party dispersals

32. And…… • PIP provides technical assistance with assessment and evaluation for member campus coalitions

33. Using Assessment and Evaluation Cyclically as part of the Strategic Prevention Framework

34. Online Evaluation: One Tool in the Toolbox • There are many ways to collect and analyze data. Use as many as possible! • Arrest data • Prosecution data • Phone interviews: Community Readiness Assessment • Gathering data on signage and advertisements (newspapers, signs, about bars and drink specials) • Online

35. Online survey tools used • Surveymonkey: http://www.surveymonkey.com/ • We do pay to use it • Prefer others (IP addresses can be collected) • Studentvoice: http://www.studentvoice.com/app/Views/Home/Default.aspx • Pay to use • Effective and flexible

36. Online Surveys PIP Uses • Missouri College Health Behavior Survey • Campus Community Environment and Policy Survey • PIP Coalition Survey • PIP Campus Coalition Survey • All used in addition to other assessment and evaluation methods Questionnaires Surveys Online Tools

37. Main things to remember during assessment of population • Sample • Random • Representative (sample size and demographics) • Anonymous or confidential • Strategies for this: • We use our registrar’s office • County health department? • Maintain organizational rules when assessing: • Institutional Review Board

38. Program Evaluation • Collect demographic data • Single out populations you would like to focus on (for example, Greek students) • Ask about what they learned • Barriers to implementing new strategies • Will they use what they have learned Evaluate

39. Determining Strategy Success • Survey what you want to know: • Process data • How many arrests were made • Amount of money used on equipment • Number of patrols done • Outcome data (most likely to use online evaluation here) • Short term: Alcohol access • Intermediate: Perceptions of enforcement • Long term: Behavior change

40. Conclusion • An increased, consistent, hands on enforcement presence lowers risky alcohol use in communities, especially as part of a comprehensive prevention program • Online assessment and evaluation can be an effective tool, when used in concert with other evaluation methods and as part of the Strategic Prevention Framework

41. Conclusion • Steps for success • Assess the population (get an idea of the problem) • Contact and organize stakeholders • Chief of Police • City Manager • Business Owners • Local resources (universities, coalitions) • Liquor control • Others…

42. Conclusion • Steps for success • Develop a plan using stakeholder input • Implement the plan • Inform bar owners and stakeholders of plan of action and educational opportunities (server training programs like SMART) • Start slow with warnings and reminders • Educate the public (news releases…) • Advocate for ordinance changes • Mandatory server training

43. Conclusion • Steps for success • Implement the plan, cont. • Increase enforcement • Hold bar owners and staff accountable (tickets) • Regular compliance checks • Zero tolerance on alcohol-related crimes (City Wide) • DWI enforcement unit • Seek grant opportunities for overtime or equipment • Be consistent with enforcement • Use positive rewards to encourage cooperation • Gift cards for passing compliance checks • Evaluate process data and outcome data

44. Special Thanks • Kim Dude—MU Wellness Resource Center • Model Program Grant • Chief Ken Burton—Columbia Police Department • Carrie Gartner—Special Business District • OJJDP • EUDTC Thank You!

45. Contact Information • Chris Kelley • cbk@GoColumbiaMo.com • Eric Hughes • erhughes@GoColumbiaMO.com • Mike McBride • mcbridema@missouri.edu • 573-884-7534