Teori Gestalt Pertemuan 8

1. Teori GestaltPertemuan 8 Matakuliah : U0062/Strategi Manajemen Persuasi Tahun : 2006

2. Gestalt Theory • Gestalt Theory is a theory of mind and brain that proposes that the operational principle of the brain is holistic, parallel, and analog, with self-organizing tendencies. • This is in contrast to the "atomistic" principle of operation of the digital computer, where every computation is broken down into a sequence of simple steps, each of which is computed independently of the problem as a whole. *sumber: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gestalt_psychology

3. Gestalt Theory The Gestalt effect refers to the form-forming capability of our senses, particularly with respect to the visual recognition of figures and whole forms instead of just a collection of simple lines and curves. • The most basic rule of gestalt is the law of prägnanz. This law says that we try to experience things in as good a gestalt way as possible. In this sense, "good" can mean several things, such as regular, orderly, simplistic, symmetrical, etc. The other gestalt laws are:

4. Law of Closure Law of Similarity Gestalt Theory • Law of Closure - Our mind adds missing elements to complete a figure. • Law of Similarity - Our mind groups similar elements to an entity. The similarity depends on form, color, size and brightness of the elements.

5. Law of Proximity Gestalt Theory • Law of Proximity - Regional or chronological closeness of elements are grouped by our mind and seen as belonging together. • Law of Symmetry - Symmetrical images are seen as belonging together regardless of their distance.

6. Gestalt Theory • Law of Continuity - The mind continues a pattern, even after it stops. • Law of Common Fate - Elements with the same moving direction are seen as a unit. • Figure-ground minds have an innate tendency to perceive one aspect of an event as the figure or foreground and the other as the ground or the background. • Under the gestalt theory, these laws not only apply to images, but to thought processes, memories, and our understanding of time.

7. Gestalt Theory • Examples of the Gestalt experience include the perception of an incomplete circle as a whole or a pattern of dots as a shape - the mind completes the missing pieces through extrapolation. Studies also indicate that simple elements/compositions where the meaning is directly perceived do not offer as much a challenge to the mind as complex ones and hence the latter are preferred over the former.

8. Gestalt Theory • Hukum-hukum Gestalt : • Hukum Kedekatan (law of proximity): • hal-hal yang saling berdekatan dalam waktu atau tempat cenderung dianggap sebagai suatu totalitas.  • Hukum Ketertutupan (law of closure): hal-hal yang cenderung menutup akan membentuk kesan totalitas tersendiri. • Hukum Kesamaan (law of equivalence): • hal-hal yang mirip satu sama lain, cenderung kita persepsikan sebagai suatu kelompok atau suatu totalitas.