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Topic: Mineral ID

Topic: Mineral ID. L .O. Students will explain how to identify a mineral by its properties by using graphic organizer STANDARD: S3 - CONCEPT OF EARTH AND SPACE. What is a mineral?. Naturally occurring Non-organic Characteristic chemical composition Distinctive physical properties

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Topic: Mineral ID

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  1. Topic: Mineral ID L .O. Students will explain how to identify a mineral by its properties by using graphic organizer STANDARD: S3 - CONCEPT OF EARTH AND SPACE Baker 7th grade science

  2. What is a mineral? • Naturally occurring • Non-organic • Characteristic chemical composition • Distinctive physical properties • Crystalline structure

  3. Do Now • Name some properties of mineral

  4. Mineral identification • http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/mineralidentification/preview.weml

  5. Mineral Property #1 Color & Streak • Color is the first thing someone notices when they view a mineral. It is not a reliable property . It does not help in identifying minerals properly. . • Many minerals have different colors and some minerals' colors are identical to other minerals' colors.

  6. Mineral Property #1 Color & StreakColor: Not Mineral Specific

  7. Mineral Property #1 Color & Streak: Streak is the powdered form of a mineral when it is rubbed on a porcelain plate. the color of the mineral may be different than the color of the streak.

  8. Mineral’s Identification

  9. Mineral Property #1 Color & Streak • Pyrite (known as "Fool's Gold") is always brassy yellow when found in crystals, even broken crystals, of any size; but when powdered, produces a black streak. • Gold's streak, by the way, is yellow! • Hematite's streak is blood-red • Galena's streak is lead gray

  10. Mineral Property # 2Luster • A mineral’s luster is the way in which light reflects from the surface. • The two major types of luster are metallic & nonmetallic.

  11. Metallic Non-metallic Luster: How minerals reflect light

  12. Mineral Property # 2Luster • Some other ways to describe luster are • Dull - just a non-reflective surface of any kind • Earthy - the look of dirt or dried mud • Fibrous - the look of fibers • Greasy - the look of grease • Gumdrop - the look a sucked on hard candy • Metallic - the look of metals • Pearly - the look of a pearl • Pitchy - the look of tar • Silky - the look of silk, similar to fibrous but more compact • Waxy - the look of wax

  13. Quick Check • Answer the following: • What is the first thing someone notices about a mineral? • What do we call the color of the powdered mineral? • Which is more reliable: streak or color?Explain Why?

  14. Mineral Property # 3How a mineral breaks Cleavage: planes of weakness along which minerals can break Fracture: surfaces along which minerals can break

  15. Mineral Property #4Hardness • A mineral’s hardness is its resistance to being scratched. • A scale known as the Moh’s scale is often use Baker 7th grade science

  16. Hardness: Based on Moh’s scale of hardness

  17. Mineral Property #5Density (Specific gravity) • Each mineral has a specific density. • Density is the mass of a given space or in scientific terms the mass per unit of a certain volume. • For example, if you have two minerals of the same size one might be heavier than the other. The galena will be three times heavier than the same size of quartz.

  18. Mineral Property #5Density • Geologists measure density by the following: • First they use a balance to determine the mass of a sample. • Second, they place the mineral in water to see how much water it displaces. • The volume of displace water = the volume of the sample • Third they use the following formula: Density = Mass/Volume

  19. Baker 7th grade science

  20. Some minerals have specific properties (Other) • Fluorescence: some minerals glow when exposed to ultraviolet light • Magnetic: Some minerals are attracted to magnets • Acid: Some minerals react with acid by bubbling

  21. Brain Check • Answer the following: • If you break a mineral and it breaks into cubes, is it fracture or cleavage? Why? • If you break a mineral with a hammer and it falls apart into a million different pieces, is it fracture or cleavage? Why? • Name three things you can scratch talc with. • What is the formula for density?

  22. SLCDFHSome Llamas Climb Down Funny Hills • Streak • Powdered Color • Luster • How shiny • Cleavage • Breaks in sheets or blocks • Density • How much mass in a given volume • Fracture • Just crumbles & breaks • Hardness • Can be scratched by

  23. Home Work • Write one page about your Birthstone .It must have: • -What is your birthstone (including its picture)? • -How is it formed? • -Which part of the world is it found mostly? • -What are its basic properties and characteristics? • -What your birthstone represents?

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