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LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF PARASITIC INFECTIONS

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF PARASITIC INFECTIONS. Case diagnosis. History (Age, occupation, residency, previous infection) Complaint Clinical examination Invesigations - Laboratory investigations - Radiology - Surgical intervention (Exploratory). Provisional diagnosis.

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LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF PARASITIC INFECTIONS

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  1. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF PARASITIC INFECTIONS

  2. Case diagnosis • History (Age, occupation, residency, previous infection) • Complaint • Clinical examination • Invesigations - Laboratory investigations - Radiology - Surgical intervention (Exploratory) Provisional diagnosis Confirm the diagnosis

  3. Ether Dissolve fat M.f Acetic acid RBC haemolysis Clear ova

  4. SEDIMENTATION CONCENTRATION URINE EXAMINATION Clean conical glass receptacle 15-20 min Centrifuge (2 min)

  5. URINE EXAMINATIONMembrane filtration technique air 10 ml urine Nucleopore filter + Saline Eggs of Schistosoma

  6. STOOL EXAMINATION

  7. Saline smear Iodine smear STOOL EXAMINATIONTemporary saline Iodine 1% • Huge number of: • Eggs • Protozoal troph. Motility • (Amoeb, flagellates) • Huge number of: • Cyst morphological details

  8. STOOL EXAMINATIONScanty infectionConcentration techniques Sedimentation Floatation • Non Operculated eggs • Trematodes ( S. m.) • Cestode • Nematode(Hookworms,Trichostong) • Cysts • Heavy eggs (Ascaris egg) • Operculated eggs (Trematodes) • Larvae (Strong sterc.) • Cysts

  9. STOOL EXAMINATIONSaline sedimentation Mesh wire gauze Saline Emulsify Conical flask 10 g stool Sediment

  10. STOOL EXAMINATIONPermanent Stained smears • Iron haematoxylin stain • Trichrome stain • Modified Ziehl Neelsen stain (Crypto.)

  11. STOOL EXAMINATION Kato technique Mesh screen Hole Template Remove the template Cellophane soaked by glycerin (clears faeces( Egg count/ g stool Egg quant. Of: Ascaris, T. trich., Hookworms, S. mansoni

  12. Stool examination • Stoll’s technique for eggs of Ascaris, T. trich., Hookworms, S. mansoni • Baermann’s technique Detec. Of Nematode L. /stool, soil • Cultures for Nematode larvae using Filter paper culture for Larvae of: St. stercoralis (A,L) and Hookworms

  13. NaOH Sputum Centrifuge

  14. Thin Thick BLOOD EXAMINATIONBLOOD FILMS Bld drop Circular motion spread Air dry Air dry methyl alcohol Geimsa Geimsa Malaria, Babesia, Filaria, Tryp.

  15. Serology – All tests available IHA ELISA More useful in Amoebiasis Leishmaniasis Malaria Toxoplasmosis Trichinosis Filariasis Echinococcosis Skin Tests – Specificity low, cross reactions common Casoni’s test Leishmanin test Indirect immunological diagnosis

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