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Kondicionalne recenice

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Kondicionalne recenice

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    1. CONDITIONALS (TYPE 1, 2 AND 3)

    2. Kondicionalne recenice Su sloene recenice koje koristimo da bi govorili o situacijama koje su moguce u sadanjosti ili buducnosti (Tip 1), o zamiljenim situacijama u sadanjosti ili buducnosti (Tip2) ili o zamiljenim situacijama u prolosti (Tip 3). Sastoje se iz dve proste recenice od kojih jedna izraava uslov, a druga rezultat.

    3. Conditional Type 1 If + present simple / will + inf. Lisa has lost her watch. Sue tells her: If I find it, Ill let you know. If recenica uvek izraava uslov (ako ga nadem), a druga rezultat (javicu ti). Tip 1 izraava situaciju koja je realna, moguca u sadanjosti ili buducnosti. Na srpski se prevodi kao: Ako+ prezent / futur Ako ga nadem, javicu ti.

    4. Primeri If we invite Bill to the party, we ___________ (have to invite) his friends too. If I catch the early bus, I ___________ (not be late) for the exam. If I see Kate today, I _____________ (tell) her the good news.

    5. Conditional Type 1 Ponekad se umesto Present Simple, u if recenici moe upotrebiti Present Continuous ili Present Perfect: If we're expecting visitors, the flat will need a good clean. If you've finished with the computer, I'll put it away.

    6. U glavnoj recenici obicno je will. Ali mogu se koristiti i drugi modalni glagoli (e.g. can). If you haven't got a television, you can't watch it, can you? If Henry jogs regularly, he might lose weight. If Matthew is going to a job interview, he should wear a tie. If recenica je obicno prva, ali moe da bude i posle glavne recenice. If I hear any news, I'll phone you./I'll phone you if I hear any news.

    7. Kondicional 1 koristi se za ponude i predloge: If you need a ticket, I can get you one. If you feel like seeing the sights, we can take a bus tour. Kao i za upozorenja i pretnje: If you go on like this, you'll make yourself ill. If you don't apologize, I'll never speak to you again.

    8. Zero Conditional If you heat water, it boils Ponekad se Present S. koristi u obe recenice. Naziva se nulti kondicional: If you heat water, it boils. If Daniel has any money, he spends it. If you press this switch, the computer comes on. Znaci da jedna stvar automatski sledi iz druge (jedan uslov uvek dovodi do istog rezultata).

    9. Conditional Type 2 If + past simple / would + inf. If I found a wallet in the street, I would take it to the police station. Tip 2 izraava situaciju koja nije realna: ovde se samo zamilja uslov i rezultat, ne ocekuje se da se to i desi. Iako koristimo prolo vreme, ne govorimo o prolosti, vec o zamiljenoj situaciji u sadanjosti ili buducnosti. Srpski: Kad bi / potencijal (bih, bi) ili Da + prezent / potencijal Kad bih naao novcanik na ulici, odneo bih ga u policiju. Da nadem novcanik na ulici,...

    10. Primeri If there __________ (be) an election tomorrow, who would you vote for? They would be offended if I ____________ (not go) to their party. If they offered me the job, I _____________ (take) it. If we caught the 10.30 bus, we ______________ (arrive) too early.

    11. U if recenici uvek koristimo past simple. U drugoj recenici, umesto would, moguce je upotrebiti might/could. If you took more exercise, you would feel better (=Im sure of it.) If you took more exercise, you might feel better. (=its possible that you would feel better.) If it stopped raining, we would go out. If it stopped raining, we could go out. (=we would be able to)

    12. Type 2 (nastavak) Cesto je nerealna situacija koja se zamilja, suprotna od stvarne. Sarah wants to phone Polly, but she cant do this, because she doesnt know her number. She says: If I knew her number, I would phone him. U stvarnosti, ona ne zna broj telefona. Ovaj kondicional odnosi se na sadanjost.

    13. Primeri Tom would read more if he had more time. (= but he doesnt have more time.) We wouldnt have any money if we didnt work. (=but we work.) If I didnt want to go to the party, I wouldnt go (= but I want to go.) It would be useful if you could drive. (= but you cant.)

    14. I wish I knew I wish (eleo/la bih) je izraz koji izraava aljenje govornika to situacija u sadanjosti nije onakva kakvu bi eleli. I wish I knew his phone number. (= I dont know it and I regret this.) Its raining! I wish I had an umbrella. Iako se iza I wish koristi past simple, zapravo se govori o sadanjosti: Pada kia! elela bih / Bar da imam kiobran.

    15. Primeri Do you ever wish you could fly? (Da li nekad poeli da ume da leti?) It rains a lot here. I wish it didnt rain so often. (Ovde cesto pada kia. Bar da ne pada tako cesto.) I wish I didnt have to work tomorrow, but unfortunately I do. (Bar da ne moram da radim sutra, ali naalost moram.) I wish I had something to read. (Bar da imam neto da citam.)

    16. If I were / if I was Posle if i wish, moe se koristiti were (past tense od glagola to be) u svim licima. Tako se moe reci: If I were you, I wouldnt buy that coat. Ili If I was you... I would go out if it werent so cold. Ili if it wasnt... I wish Carol were here. Ili Carol was here.

    17. Conditionals 1 and 2 Type 1: If you have a lie-down, you'll feel better. Type 2: Ifl had a million pounds, I'd probably buy a yacht. Present S. (have) odnosi se na mogucu radnju u buducnosti. Past S. (had) odnosi se na nerealnu radnju. If I had a million pounds znaci da zapravo nemam milion funti, samo zamiljam da imam.

    18. Uporedi: Type 1: If we take the car, we'll have to pay for parking. Type 2: If we took the car, we'd have to pay for parking. Ovde se obe recenice odnose na mogucu radnju u buducnosti. Ali tip 2 oznacava manju verovatnocu da se se radnja dogoditi. If we took the car moe da znaci da smo odlucili da ne podemo kolima.

    19. Conditional Type 3 If + Past Perfect / would have + past participle If the road had not been icy, the accident would not have happened. Za razliku od kondicionala 2, kondicional 3 odnosi se na prolost, tj. na zamiljenu, nerealnu situaciju u prolosti. I didnt see you when you passed me in the street. (realna situacija u prolosti). If I had seen you, I would have said hello. (nerealna)

    20. Uporedi: Im not hungry. If I was hungry, I would eat something. (sada) I wasnt hungry. If I had been hungry, I would have eaten something. (u prolosti) Srpski: Da + perfekt / potencijal 2: Nisam gladna. Da jesam, pojela bih neto. 3: Nisam bila gladna. Da sam bila, pojela bih neto.

    21. Tip 3 se koristi da se govori o prolim dogadajima kao da su se odigrali drugacije nego to je stvarno bilo. Koristi se za prekorevanje, kritikovanje, kajanje zbog nekog prolog dogadaja: If you'd been a bit more careful, you wouldn't have cut yourself. If Matthew had set his alarm clock, he wouldn't have overslept. If I hadn't fallen ill and missed the interview, I might have got the job.

    22. Past Perfect se koristi iza I wish na isti nacin: I wish something had happened = Im sorry that it didnt happen. I wish Id known Gary was ill. I would have gone to see him. (Bar da sam znala da je Gari bolestan. Otila bih da ga posetim.) I feel sick. I wish I hadnt eaten so much cake.

    23. Napomene Umesto would have, moemo koristiti i could/might have: If the weather hadnt been so bad, we would have gone out. ... we might have gone out. (perhaps we would have gone out.) ... we could have gone out. (we would have been able to go out.)

    24. Primeri Skraceni oblik i za would i za had glasi d: If Id seen you, Id have said hello. I decided to stay home last night. Id have gone out if I hadnt been so tired. If hed been looking where he was going, he wouldnt have walked into the wall. The view was wonderful. If Id had a camera with me, Id have taken some photographs.

    25. Type 2 and 3 Uporedi: Type 2: If you planned things properly, you wouldn't get into a mess. (You don't plan.) Type 3: If you had planned things properly, you wouldn't have got into a mess. (You didn't plan.)

    26. Mixed Conditionals Tip 2 i 3 mogu se kombinovati u recenici (kombinovani kondicional). Tada se tip 2 odnosi na sadanjost, a tip 3 na prolost. If you had planned things at the start, we wouldn't be in this mess now. If you hadn't left all these dirty dishes, the place would look a bit tidier. If Matthew was more sensible, he would have worn a suit to the interview. If I didn't have all this work to do, I would have gone out for the day.

    27. Type 2 and type 3 ? Mike: You look tired. Harriet: Well, if you hadn't woken (you / not / wake) me up in the middle of the night, I wouldn't be (I / not be) so tired. 1 Rita: Is Trevor a practical person? Laura: Trevor? No, he isn't. If ........... (he / be) practical, .(he / put) those shelves up a bit quicker. It took him ages. 2 Tom: Why are you sitting in the dark? David: Let's just say that if............................................. (I / pay) my electricity bill last month, ......................................... (I / not be) in the dark now. 3 Matthew: Why are you so angry with me? All I did yesterday was play basketball. Emma: If ............................................(you / love) me, .(you / not / leave) me here all alone on my birthday.

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