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Tower Bridge Башенный Мост Tower Bridge
Конструкция Моста • The bridge was designed Horace Jones, he is a swing bridge length of 244 m with two set on intermediate support towers height of 65 m. Central span between towers, length of 61 m, divided into two lifting wing, which to pass the vessels can be raised up on the angle of 83 degrees. Each of the more than тысячетонных wings equipped with a counterweight, minimizing the force required to raise the bridges over one minute. The movement of the passage is provided with the hydraulic system, originally the water, with a working pressure of 50 bar (750 psi). Water pumps two steam machines a total capacity of 360 h.p.. System was manufactured by the company «W. G. Armstrong Mitchell». In 1974, the system has been fully updated and oil hydraulics has an electric drive. • For pedestrians design of the bridge made it possible to cross the bridge even during the divorce of flight. For this purpose, in addition to the conventional sidewalks, located on the edge of the roadway, in the middle part were designed pedestrian gallery, connecting the tower at a height of 44 meters. To get to the gallery can be on the stairs, located inside the towers. Since 1982, the gallery is used as a Museum and an observation deck. • Only for the construction of the towers and pedestrian galleries took more than 11 thousand tons of steel. In order to better protect the metal from corrosion, the towers were faced with stone, the architectural style of the buildings is defined as Gothic. The full cost of construction amounted to 1 184 000 pounds стерлинго
История Моста • In the second half of the XIX century because of increased equestrian and pedestrian traffic in the port area in the East End, the question arose about the construction of a new crossing to the East of the «London bridge». Laid in 1870 tunnel tower Сабвэй as metro served for a short time and eventually became only be used for pedestrian traffic. In 1876, a Committee has been established for reaching a decision on the issue. Organized the contest, which was offered more than 50 projects. Only in 1884, was declared the winner and made the decision about the construction of the bridge, proposed by the member of the jury of the City. Jones. After his death in 1887 construction was headed by John wolf-berry. • Construction works started on June 21, 1886, and continued for 8 years. 30 June, 1894, the bridge was inaugurated the Prince of Wales Edward and his wife Princess Alexandra. • Already in the nearest time pedestrian galleries bridge purchased the «glory» of the place of gathering of pickpockets. For this reason, in 1910, the galleries were closed. Opened again they only 1982 and is used as a Museum and an observation deck.
