Warm-up Wednesday, September 12th

1. Warm-upWednesday, September 12th • What early tools might tell scientists about hunter-gatherer societies?

2. Hunter-Gatherer Societies Section 2 • Early humans were hunter-gatherers How Early Hunter-Gatherers Lived • Archaeologists know very little • Lives were often harsh • To survive and grow they developed technology The Development of Tools • Paleolithic Era (means “old” and “stone”) • Time when humans learned how to make tools out of stones • Lasted from 2.5 million years ago to 10,000 years ago • At first, tools were simple: chopping down small trees, cutting meat, scraping animal skins clean. • Over time- tools became better: weapons, hunting larger animals The Use of Fire • During Paleolithic era- fire was used: light at night, cooking meat and plants, scare off dangerous animals • Man is no longer restricted in his movement to a limited range of climates

3. Wandering Bands • The culture of early societies was simple. • Lived in small groups or bands: 10-12 adults and their children • Nomads- move from place to place with the seasons • Built temporary shelters- another major advance • Men hunted, women gathered Later Stone Age Peoples Neanderthals • Appeared in Europe and Asia 200,000 years ago • Name comes from Neander Valley in Germany • Appeared in late Paleolithic Era and only group to survive Stone Age • First people to bury their dead- believed in life after death Modern Humans • Appeared about 100,000 years ago and were called “Homo sapiens” (wise people) • Similar to Neanderthals- made tools, used fire, and hunted animals • Taller and less muscular and developed a complex language • Language- organize hunt, warn of danger, pass knowledge or skills on • No evidence of Neanderthals after about 28,000 years ago