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Demand Response as a Distributed Energy Resource

This presentation by Mark S. Martinez at the PLMA Fall Conference in September 2004 explores the utility of Demand Response (DR) as a distributed energy resource for load control, specifically focusing on its primary use in reliability and load shedding. It discusses the existing SCE system with its 115,000 devices, emphasizing the effectiveness of new Smart Thermostat technologies for AC load reduction. The presentation details conditions under which DR can be dispatched rapidly, leveraging both residential and commercial systems to alleviate peak load stress during critical summer periods.

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Demand Response as a Distributed Energy Resource

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  1. Demand Response as aDistributed Energy Resource presented by: Mark S. Martinez Manager, Program Development PLMA Fall Conference September 2004

  2. DR Load Control • DR is used primarily as a reliability resource for load shedding at present • Geographic granularity may be limited (substation or district level) • Residential space conditioning load the primary end use under dispatch • Summer peaking situations most applicable due to coincidence with system stress and economic constraints

  3. SCE’s Existing System • 115,000 devices • Emergency trigger • 20% enhanced • 250 MW available • SCE system peak = 20,700 MW

  4. Typical CAC Average Duty Cycle

  5. New Smart Thermostat Technologies

  6. AC load reduction at customer facility from Smart Thermostat

  7. Advanced Load Control - The New DR • Systems can be dispatched more quickly for either reliability or economics • Residential and commercial systems can be used in concert to provide relief • Compatible with advanced metering • Easily dispersed and effective at the critical circuit level

  8. Comparable Load Relief Strategies Source: LIPA

  9. DR Resource Design: A Balancing Act Complementary Objectives Competing Objectives Key Messages: • * Price drivers = dependable (firm) load, immediate dispatch

  10. CAISO Graph : 9-7-04 (Tues)

  11. 2004 ACCP/API Events at SCE • ISO - March 8, 2004 – 6:23pm for 32 minutes – 302MW (Monday, unexpected shortage) • ISO - July 20, 2004 – 4:53pm for 4 hours, 10 min. – 193MW (Tuesday, heat storm) • DR – Sept. 10, 2004 – 3:29 for 1 hour, 6 minutes, 14MW (Friday heat storm*) • DR – Sept. 11, 2004 – 2:34 for 16 minutes, 7MW (Moorpark A bank) – Saturday! *1529 to 1635: Initiated AC Cycling for District 43 (Saddleback) due to overloading on Santiago-Limestone-Moulton 66 kV Line.

  12. Santiago A-Bank Total Power

  13. Irvine Number 1 B-Bank

  14. Irvine Number 2 B-Bank

  15. Circuit Level Granularity

  16. ALC as a Spinning Reserve?

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