Packing Clause Shipping Instruction Shipping Advice Shipping Clause Main Kinds of Bill of Lading

1. Main & Difficult Points • Packing Clause • Shipping Instruction • Shipping Advice • Shipping Clause • Main Kinds of Bill of Lading

2. Key Points 交 货: delivery卖方按照同买方约定的时间、地点和运输方式将合同规定的货物交付给买方或其代理人。 • 装 运: Make shipment将货物装上运输工具，它与交货是两个不同的概念。 • 关键点: 在国际贸易中，由于采用FOB/CIF/CFR三种价格术语时，卖方只要根据合同的有关规定将货物装上船，取得提单，就算交货。提单签发日期亦即为交货日。因此，装运一词常被用来代替交货的概念。这种凭单交货被称为象征性交货（Symbolic Delivery）。凭单交货时，装运期和交货期是一致的（实际交货Physical Delivery是指货物运抵目的地，因而，装运时间与交货时间并不是一致的）。

4. 装运期: Key Points （交货期）可分为：定期装运、近期装运和不定期装运。 • 定期装运 即明确规定具体期限 • 限于某月或某几个月内装运 • for shipment during October 1999 • 限于某月某日前装运 • shipment on or before 15 November 1999 • 近期装运 采用某些术语表示装运期 • 立即装运 immediate shipment • 即期装运 prompt shipment（各国对它的解释不尽相同。美国指合同签订后三周内装船，而英国是在签约后两周内装运。） • 尽快装运 shipment as soon as possible • 不定期装运 即规定在收到信用证后若干天装运 • shipment within 30 days after receipt of the L/C

5. Key Points • 包装:packing 是对外贸易中一个重要的环节，它包括运输包装（习惯称外包装或大包装）和销售包装（习惯称小包装或内包装）。它们都是为了保护商品的品质完好和数量完整而采取的措施。 • 装运标志（唛头或墨头）:shipping mark 指示性标志和警告性标志，其中运输标志是必不可缺的。按照国际标准组织（ISO）建议，为了简化单证，便于用打字机一次做成，运输标志不宜用几何图形。一般包括4行，每行不超过7个字母，包括数字和符号。①收货人或发货人的代号名称；②合同号码或信用证号码；③目的港；④件号、序号。 • 中性包装: Neutral packing 它是在商品包装上既不注明生产国别、地名和厂名，也不注明原有商标和牌号的包装。 中性包装分无牌中性包装和定牌中性包装。其目的是为了打破进口国所实施的关税与非关税壁垒或为了满足买方的特殊需求而采取的措施。

6. Key Words & Expressions pack packing requirements shipping instructions shipping marks shipping advice modes of transportation time of shipment destination partial shipment transshipment

7. Sample Letters Letter 1 Shipping marks

8. Language Points 1. Transistor n.晶体(三极)管; 半导体(三极)管, 晶体管[半导体]收音机 e.g. a transistor radio 晶体管[半导体]收音机 2. Countersignature n. 会签 3. Cardboard carton 纸板箱 4. Stencil v.用模版印刷 e.g. Stencil an address on a packing case. 用模板在包装箱上印刷地址 5. Outer packing外包装 Inner packing 内包装 6. Handle with care小心轻放 e.g. Fragile： handle with care！ 易碎品,小心轻放!

9. Chinese version of Letter 1 执事先生： 随函所附的为我方第2211号合同，关于6 000 台“水晶”牌 半导体收音机，型号O12，该合同已经我方会签。 希望你方能将货物用厚纸板箱包装，每箱装两打。请将运 输标志（唛头）按下列所示印刷在外包装上。 同时，指示性标志如“小心轻放”应加注在唛头旁边，因为 在包装和运输当中的任何疏忽都可能会造成不可预料的麻烦和 费用。 殷切希望早日收到你方的装船通知。 谨上，

10. Sample Letters Letter 2 Shipping instruction

11. Language Points • through prep. 表示原因 • through no fault of yours 不是你方的错误 • 这一意外事件的发生，并非由于你的过错。 The accident happened through no fault of yours. • 我们因不认识路而迷了路。 We lost ourselves through not knowing the way. • clarify v. 澄清 • 以上所述澄清了我方对此事的看法。 The above clarifies our view on this matter. • 你方目前这封信与前一封信似乎相互矛盾，请澄清。 Your present letter seems to contradict the previous one. Please clarify.

12. Language Points • pack v. 包装 • 货物用适于海运的木箱包装。 The goods are packed in seaworthy wooden cases. • 保险公司要求这类商品用特别坚固的箱子包装。 The insurance company requires that this class of merchandise should be packed in extra strong boxes. • 部分常见的包装表达法 • in…用某种容器包装 Pliers are packed in boxes. 钳子用盒子包装。 • in…of …each Pliers are packed in boxes of 2 dozen each. 钳子用盒子包装，每箱两打。

13. Language Points • Useful expressions: • in…，each containing…用某种容器包装，每件内装若干 • Pliers are packed in wooden cases, each containing 100 boxes. 钳子用木箱包装，每箱装一百盒。 • …to…若干装于一件某种容器若干 • Men’s shirts are packed 10 dozen to a carton. 男式衬衫十打装一个纸板箱。 • each… in…and…to每单位装某种容器，若干单位装另一种较大的容器 • Each shirt is packed in a polybag and 6 to a box. 每件衬衫装一个塑料袋，6袋装一盒。

14. …to…and …to若干单位装某种容器，若干此种容器装另一种较大的容器 Language Points Pliers are packed 2 dozen to a box and 100 boxes to a wooden case. 钳子两打装一盒，一百盒装一木箱。 • 部分常用的出口包装容器： • Bag 袋；包 • Carton 纸板箱 • Box 盒；箱 • Crate 板条箱 • Polybag 塑料袋 • Cask 木桶 • Keg 小圆桶 • Drum 铁皮圆桶 • Bale 包；布包 • Bundle 捆 • Case 箱 • Wooden case 木箱 • Sack /Gunny bag 麻袋 • Can 听，罐头 • Tin 听，罐头 • Barrel 琵琶桶

15. Container 集装箱 Packing n. 包装；包装物 Packing charges 包装费用 Packing extra 额外包装 Packing cost 包装成本（费） Packing industry 包装工业 Packing paper 包装纸 Packing machine 包装机器 Packing mark 包装标志 Packing press 打包机器 Packing service 包装服务 Packing credit 打包信贷 Packing material 包装材料 Language Points

16. Language Points Packing specification 包装规格（要求） Packing instruction 包装须知 Packing list 包装单；装箱单 Export packing 出口包装 Customary packing 习惯包装 Commercial packing 商业包装 Improper（poor, ）packing 有缺陷的包装 Inner packing 内包装 Outer packing 外包装 Particular packing 特定包装 Neutral packing 中性包装 Seaworthy packing 适合海洋运输包装 Waterproof packing 防水包装

17. Language Points • prefer v. 更喜欢；宁可 • 我们宁愿你方在成本加运费的基础上向我方报盘。 We prefer to have your offers on CFR terms. • 我们能以竞争性的价格开报男式衬衫的报盘。 We. • 我们愿意你方按照规定开立信用证以便于我们双方能维持友好的贸易关系。 We would prefer you issue your L/C as stipulated so that we can continue our friendly business relations. meet the requirements 满足需要；满足要求 • meet demand 满足要求 • 非常感谢你方五月二日的来函。随函附上我方第616号目录册并且已报出最好的交易条件，相信我们的货物能满足你方的需求。 Many thanks for your letter of May 2. We enclose our catalogue No.616 and we have quoted our best terms in the attached price lists. We believe that our goods will meet your requirements.

18. Language Points • European Main Ports 欧洲主要港口 • 缩写为EMP，按照航运公会统一规定欧洲主要港口有： • 英国的 London • 法国的 Marseilles • 意大利的 Genoa • 德国的 Hamburg • 荷兰的 Rotterdam • 比利时的 Antwerp • 丹麦的 Copenhagen • firm adj. 确定的；有效的 我方报盘有效期为三天。 • Our offer is firm for three days. • We’re pleased to make you a firm offer. 欣然向你方报实盘。

19. 执事先生： 遗憾告知你方1月28日运往迪拜港的100箱螺丝中有8箱破损，很明显不是你方的错误。 为了避免以后的交易出现类似的问题，我方现写信与你讨论螺丝的包装事宜。为了以后的交易，我们认为有必要澄清一下具体的规定。 对运往伊斯坦布尔的货物应用木箱包装，每箱净重112磅，内装16小包，每包重7磅。对运往吉达的货物，希望你方能用双层麻袋包装，每袋装50公斤。至于运往加尔各答市场的货物，我们的客户喜欢用纸板箱包装，每箱25公斤。 请告知能否满足我方的这些要求。 谨上， Chinese version of Letter 2

20. Sample Letters Letter 3 Shipping advice

21. Language Points 1. dispatch v. /n. 发送、派遣 e.g. dispatch a messenger派遣使者 dispatch a telegram拍电报 Please advise us when the goods are dispatched 货物发出时请通知我们. 2. consignment n.所托运的货物； 代销货物 e.g. consignment invoice 发货单 consignment note 发货通知书

22. Language Points 3. M.V. Abbreviation of motor vessel内燃机轮船 4. Sail for （your port） 驶往（贵港） e.g. This ship sails for New York on Monday. 这船将于星期一开往纽约。 5. In sound condition状况良好、完好无损 6. Shipping documents 装运单据 7. neo-negotiable不可转让的 8. In good order井然有序；完整无损 The goods arrived in good order 货到时完整无损。 Everything in the kitchen is in good order 厨房里的每样东西都井然有序

23. Chinese version of Letter 3 执事先生： 关于你方第756号订单 欣然通知你方上述订单现已发货。 货物装在“和平”号轮船 上，该轮船将于8月1日驶往贵港。 瓷器分别装在50个独立的箱中，箱上都标注JD MANILA并从1至50编号。同 时，包装前所有货物都经逐个检验，相信货物会完好无损的抵达你处。 随函附上有关此批货物的装运单据一套，包括： 1.一份不可转让的提单副本 2.商业发票一式两份 3. 质量证书副本一份 4.数量证书副本一份 5.重量单一式两份 6.保险单副本一份 希望货物完好无损的抵达你处并令你方完全满意。 谨上，

24. Letter 4 Urging shipment Sample Letters

25. Language Points Electric Fan 电风扇 • expiration n. 期满；终止 • 这批货物必须在许可证期满前运到。 The shipment must arrive here before the expiration of the license. • catch the brisk demand 赶上销售旺季 shipment n. 装运 • make shipment 装运 • effect shipment 装运 • handle shipment 装运 • expedite shipment 加速装运 • rush shipment 赶快装运 • shipment date 装运期 • shipment time 装运期 • hasten shipment 加紧装运

26. Language Points • 表示平均装运 • to make shipment in three equal lots 分三次平均装运 • 合同规定需分两批等量装运。 The contract stipulated that the shipment should be made in two equal lots. • 表示某月份装运 • for shipment in May • for shipment during June and July • shipment May • for May shipment

27. Language Points • 装运在四月至六月期间分三次平均装运。 Shipment is to be made during April to June in three equal lots. • 我们将尽力早装，及时满足你方所需。 We will do our best to expedite shipment to meet your requirements in time. • 请将这三批货用一张提单装出。 Please ship the three lots on a single bill of lading. • Shipping Documents may includes: 装运单据应包括 • certificate of inspection 检验证明 • insurance policy 保险单 • bill of lading 提单 • commercial invoice 商业发票 • packing list 装箱单 • weight memo 重量单；磅码单 • certificate of origin 原产地证明

28. 执事先生： 关于我方第5767号和通中的500台电风扇 从我方开立以你方为受益人的信用证，已有两个星期。现提请你方注意该信用证有效期截止到1月31日。 由于销售季节临近，我方客户急需所订货物。因而希望你方能够尽快装运以便使他们能赶上销售旺季。 我方想重申：在装运方面的任何延误都无疑使我方陷入极大的困境之中。 请仔细调查此事，并毫不延误地给我方肯定的答复。 谨上， Chinese version of Letter 4

29. Sample Letters Letter 5 Asking for partial shipment

30. Language Points 1. Partial shipment 分批装运 2. Lot 一批 分批装运的具体表达方法 to make shipment in three lots 分三次装运 The contract stipulates that the shipment should be made in two equal lots. 合同规定需分两批等量装运。 3. Juice extractor榨汁机 4. Comply with 照做 e.g. We should comply with the rules.我们应该遵守规定。 We can not comply with your request.你方的要求我方歉难照办。

31. Language Points 5. Arrangement n.安排，筹备 e.g. We are busy make arrangement for chartering vessel of January. 我们正忙于租一月份的船。 6.(sth.) agreeable to sb. ……对某人而言是可接受的；同意…. Is this agreeable to you? 这合你的意吗？ sb. be agreeable to sth.欣然同意某事 7. Expedite v.加速

32. Chinese version of Letter 5 执事先生： 你方2004年5月25日来函收悉，信中要求我方将所有的40 台榨汁机一批次装运。不幸的是，我方无法按你方的愿望办。 关于这批榨汁机在签订合同时，清楚的表明8月份装船。 如果你方希望早一些交货的话，我方只能分批装运：20台7月 份装船，余下的20台8月份装船。我方希望你方能同意这一安 排。如果同意，请将相关信用证修改为允许分批装运。 请立即告知我方你方对此事的确认以便我方要求生产商加 速交货。 谨上，

33. Sample Letters Letter 6 Inquiry for container shipping service

34. Language Points • container n. 集装箱；容器；货柜 • container bill of lading 集装箱提单 • container service 集装箱业务 • container ship 集装箱船 • shipping container 船运集装箱 • container base 集装箱基地 • container berth 集装箱泊位 • container depot 集装箱装卸站 • container station 集装箱中转站 • container cargo 集装箱货 • container loader 装箱机 • container loading list（packing list）集装箱清单 • container parking area 集装箱置放地

35. container pool 集装箱堆放场 container rate 集装箱运费率 container route 集装箱运输航线 container storage yard 集装箱存放场 container system 集装箱货运法 container tonnage 集装箱吨位 container traffic 集装箱运输 container yard 集装箱堆放场 box containers 盒式集装箱 open top containers 顶部开盖集装箱 side containers 侧开式集装箱 bulk containers 杂货集装箱；散装货集装箱 tank containers 液罐集装箱 insulated containers 绝缘集装箱 refrigerated containers 冷藏集装箱 Language Points

36. Language Points • container-ship v. 用集装箱装运 • containerize v. 用集装箱发运 • containerization n. 集装箱化运输，是近年来使用最广泛的一种新型运输方式，它包括三部分：集装箱、集装箱船和现代化装卸设施。 • 你可以用任何适当的容器来装运象牙雕刻。 You may ship the ivory carvings in any suitable containers. 我们注意到你方要求今后用集装箱发运。 We note your request for containerizing future shipments. • 集装箱化被认为是一种高效率的货运方式。 Containerization is regarded as a mode of more efficient shipment. • 10ft. = 10 freight ton 10 运费吨；运价吨 • 10ft. = 10 feet 10 英尺

37. Language Points • 她容易晕机。 • liable adj. 易于…的；有…倾向的（后接介词to）；有责任的（后接介词for） She’s liable to airsickness. • 不仔细调查研究，我们就很容易得出错误结论。 Without careful investigation, we are liable to come to wrong conclusions. • 水果和蔬菜容易很快变质。 Fruits and vegetables are liable to quick deterioration. • 如果我们给你们特别折扣，其他买主容易产生误解。 Other buyers are liable to misunderstand if we allow you a special discount. • 我们对装运上的延误没有责任。 We are not liable for the delay in shipment.

38. Language Points air-tight 不透气的；密封的 • water-tight 不透水的；防水的 • freight n. 运费；货物 • freight list 运价表 • freight charges 运费 • freight rate 运费率 • freight rebate 运费回扣 • freight space 舱位；船位 • freight tariff 运费表 • freight ton 运费吨 • freight to collect 运费到付 • freight prepaid 运费预付 • dead freight 空舱费

39. On the Bill of Lading there is a stamp reading“Freight Payable at Destination”. Language Points 提单上有个印章（戳子），标明“运费到付”。 • tariff n. 价目表；关税；关税率；运费费率表 • conventional tariff 协定税率 • preferential tariff 特惠税率 • retaliatory tariff 报复税率 • tariff barrier 关税壁垒 • 对这种商品所征收的关税税率很高。 There is a very high tariff on this kind of merchandise. • 如蒙寄给最新运费费率表将不胜感激。 We shall appreciate it if you could send us your latest tariffs.

40. Chinese version of Letter 6 执事先生： 感谢你方11月20日的询盘信。我方提供的船运集装箱有两种规格，即十英尺的和二十英尺的。它们都可以两端开启，这样就可以使装卸同时进行。由于不透水又不透气，所以对装运怕湿怕水的货物特别有利。如有必要，集装箱可以在厂内装货，加锁加封。因此，不可能发生盗窃事件。 对于以一个集装箱运往同一港口的分交货物，还可以节省运费。由于集装箱货物运费低，又可以节省保险费用。 随函附上价目表一份并期待早日收到你的指示。 谨上，

41. Skill Training—write a shipping advice Dear Sirs, We are glad to inform you that the 100 sets of furniture you ordered has now been dispatched. The goods are loaded on S.S. “Snow-white” , which is due to arrive at your city on July 1. The furniture was individually examined by us before being packed, and they are all in sound condition before being loaded on board. We trust the goods will reach you in good order and give you entire satisfaction . We are desirous to maintain business relations with you and hope this order will be the first of a series of deals between us. Yours faithfully,

42. Exercises Ⅱ.Put in the missing words: part A Dear Sirs， We thank you your Letter of Credit No.F-120 amounting US $ 1,050,000 issued in our favor through The Hong Kong & ShangHai Banking Corporation. ____ regard to shipment, we regret very much to inform you that, despite strenuous efforts having been by us, we are still unable to book space of a vessel sailing Jakarta direct. The shipping companies boat told us that, the time being, there is no regular boat sailing between ports in possible, for us to ship these 10,000 metric tons of sugar to Jakarta direct. In view the difficult situation faced by us, you are requested to amend the L/C to allow transshipment of the in Hong Kong where arrangements can easily be made transshipment. Since this is something beyond control, your agreement ____our request and your understanding of our position will be highly appreciated. We are anxiously awaiting the amendment the L/C. Yours faithfully, for to With made to for of goods for our to to

43. Exercises Fill in the blanks: to 1. We wish to draw your attention the fact that the date delivery is approaching, but up the present moment we have not received any news you. of to from 2. The packing must be strong enough to withstand handling. rough 3. Please take the matter consideration at once and see to it that the goods are delivered further delay. into without 4. We shall appreciate it if you will inform us the condition of packing as as the consignment arrives your end. of soon at

44. Exercises 5. We could not deliver the total quantity one shipment. in 6. Shipment is made from April to June three equal lots. to be in 7. We shall be obliged you will effect shipment as soon as . if possible 8. As the manufactures cannot get all the quantity ready at the same time, it is necessary the contract stipulations to be so warded as to three equal lots. for allow Ⅲ .fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given below: Part A: packing, packed, package, repacked • All the canned fruits and meat are to be in cartons. • It was found upon examination that nearly 20% of the has been broken, obviously attributed to improper . • The goods had been before delivering to our customers. • We are afraid that we shall have to charge more for the designated , as it calls for extra labor and costs. packed packages packing repacked packing

45. Exercises Part B:loads, unload, loading, loaded • The captain decided to the goods at Singapore because the ship is in peril. unload • The goods ordered have been forwarded to you in three shipment . loads • The goods will be onto s/s Peace. loaded • The steamer is for London loading Part C:sail, sailing, containers, containerizing, containerization • is regarded as a mode for more efficient shipment. containerization sailing • The next opportunity is September 10. • The ship is scheduled to for Hong Kong on the 21 of this month. sail • Temperature-controlled are provided for this type of goods. containers containerizing • We note your request for future shipment.

46. Exercises Ⅳ. Translate the following letter into Chinese: 敬启者： 兹确认收到你方十月五日来信，谢谢。关于50，000公吨小麦，5%溢短装由买方选择，我方愿意指出装船效率是：晴天工作日每昼夜5，000公吨，包括节、假日在内，倘若超过此数字，按比例计算时间。 我们不得不指出你方必须提交最后确认的受载日期以便我方对受载做出适当安排，因为我们还有其它的装运任务。我方同意卖方与承运人之间直接结算滞期费和速遣费；同时，我方坚持：你方应在受载船只到达目的港前15天通知我们受载船只预计到达时间，以便我方与港务当局取得联系并确切地谈妥迅速装船的事项。 谨呈，