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EGYPT

Egypt, historically viewed as the leading nation of the Arab world, boasts a secular and educated populace. It wields strategic importance due to the Suez Canal and possesses a powerful military, receiving around $2 billion annually in U.S. aid. The 1979 Camp David Accords marked a significant peace agreement between Egypt and Israel, where Egypt recognized Israel’s right to exist in exchange for the Sinai Peninsula. However, under Hosni Mubarak's long regime, Egypt faced challenges such as oppression, corruption, and fears over the rise of Islamic fundamentalism, leaving its future uncertain.

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EGYPT

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  1. EGYPT • Historically, the “alpha” nation of Arab World –looked to by other Arabs as the leader • Secular (non-Islamic) • Educated population • Modern – for this part of world • Strategic – Suez Canal • Militarily powerful • Receives huge amount of US aid as friend of USA • $2 billion annually ($1.3 for military in 2010)

  2. CAMP DAVID ACCORDS, 1979

  3. Camp David, 1979 • President Jimmy Carter, Menachem Begin (Israel) and Anwar Sadat (Egypt) • Israel and Egypt MAKE PEACE (after 3 wars!!) • Israel returns Sinai Peninsula • Egypt recognizes Israel’s right to exist!!! HUGE EVENT

  4. SADAT ASSASSINATION - 1981

  5. Who Done It? • Egyptian Military Officers – angry about peace with Israel • Connected to Muslim Brotherhood (Islamic group that goes back to 1920s in Egypt) Successor…….?

  6. HOSNI MUBARAK

  7. MUBARAK • President since 1981 (30 yrs) • Former Air Force Officer • Friend of the USA • Sent troops to fight Iraq in Gulf War (1991) • Allow US troops to train on his soil • Allows US free and expedited movement through Suez Canal • Moderate voice on Israel and other issues • Runs a “Stable” Country – Secular!!!

  8. Problem? • Oppressive Regime • No “democracy” or freedoms • Heavy use of police • Corruption • Joblessness • Keeps ORDER but with an Iron Fist

  9. US Fear? IF Mubarak goes, who or what replaces him? Islamic Fundamentalists? Muslim Brotherhood? Do we lose a “friend” in the region? What about Israel? Will the new regime be so tolerant? Another Iran???

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