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This detailed exploration of male sexual anatomy and physiology covers the intricate structures and functions of the male sex organs. It discusses the roles of the penis and scrotum in reproduction, pleasure, and attraction, along with the internal structures such as testes, epididymis, vas deferens, and seminal vesicles. Key topics include hormone production, spermatogenesis, mechanisms of erection, ejaculation, and the physiological responses during sexual activity. Understanding these elements provides insight into male sexual health and relationships.
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Chapter Four Male Sexual Anatomy, Physiology, and Response
Male Sex Organs: What Are They for? • Sex organs serve a reproductive function • Also serve other functions: • Bringing pleasure to self • Giving pleasure to others • May serve to attract potential sexual partners • Sharing of genital sexuality can play a bonding role in relationships
External Structures • The penis • The scrotum
The Penis • Penis: from Latin word for tail • organ through which sperm and urine pass • Three main sections: • Root: attaches penis within the pelvic cavity • Shaft: contains 3 parallel columns of erectile tissue • Corpora cavernosa: 2 columns along the front surface • Corpus spongiosum: runs beneath corpora cavernosa, also forms the glans
The Penis • Glans penis: head of penis; most sensitive • Corona: rim at base of the glans • Frenulum: on underside of penis; triangle of sensitive skin • Foreskin: sleeve-like covering of the glans • Circumcision • Urethra: tube that transports urine and semen • When penis erect, urinary duct is blocked
The Penis: Myths • Penis size not linked to body size or weight, muscular structure, race or ethnicity or sexual orientation • No relationship between penis size and ability to have sexual intercourse or satisfy a partner
The Scrotum • A pouch of skin that holds the two testicles • Scrotum skin more heavily pigmented • Sparsely covered with hair • Divided in the middle by a ridge of skin • Testicle temperature control: 93°F
Internal Structures • Testes: • Two major functions: sperm and hormone production • Shaped like olives • Size and weight decrease as men age • Not usually symmetrical • Suspended by spermatic cord • Within each testicle, there are Seminiferous tubules
Internal Structures • Epididymis • C shaped structure on the back of the teste • Vas Deferens • The ducts that carry sperm from testicles to urethra for ejaculation • Joins the ejaculatory duct within prostate gland
Internal Structures • Seminal vesicles • Secrete fluid that makes up 60% of semen • Prostate gland • Secretes fluid that makes up 30-35% of semen • Can be stimulated in anal play • Cowper’s (bulbourethral) glands • Secrete thick clear mucus prior to ejaculation • Urethra
Other structures • Breasts • Anus • Buttocks • Rectum
Male Sexual Physiology • Production of hormones • Spermatogenesis
Male Reproductive Hormones • Testosterone • Acts on seminiferous tubules to produce sperm • Regulates sex drive • Is responsible for development of secondary sex characteristics in puberty • Influences growth of bones and muscle mass
Spermatogenesis • Ongoing process starting at puberty • sperm produced within seminiferous tubules of testicles (64-72 days) • 20 days for sperm to travel through epididymis • Upon ejaculation, sperm expelled through urethra by muscular contractions
Male Sexual Response • Erection • Blood vessels expand and increase blood in penis • Veins that normally carry blood out are compressed, leading to engorgement of penis • Secretions from Cowper’s glands appear at tip
Ejaculation and Orgasm • Emission stage • Sperm sent into vas deferens • Rhythmic contractions begin • Feeling of ejaculatory inevitability • Expulsion stage • Rapid contractions • Semen spurts from urethral opening • Orgasm • Intensely pleasurable physical sensations that usually accompany ejaculation • Followed by refractory period
