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TUTORIAL REPRODUCTIVE PHYSIOLOGY

TUTORIAL REPRODUCTIVE PHYSIOLOGY. Dr.Mohammed Sharique Ahmed Quadri Assistant Professor Physiology Al Maarefa College. Applied Aspects. Discrepancies occur between genetic and anatomic sexes Pseudo hermaphrodite: Gonad of one sex and genitalia of other M ale P seudo H ermaphrodite:

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TUTORIAL REPRODUCTIVE PHYSIOLOGY

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  1. TUTORIAL REPRODUCTIVE PHYSIOLOGY Dr.Mohammed Sharique Ahmed Quadri Assistant Professor Physiology Al Maarefa College

  2. Applied Aspects • Discrepancies occur between genetic and anatomic sexes • Pseudo hermaphrodite: • Gonad of one sex and genitalia of other Male Pseudo Hermaphrodite: • Genetic males whose target cells lack receptors for testosterone are feminized ( testicular feminizing syndrome) • Defective testicular development • 5α reductsae deficiency ( enzyme, coverts testosteron to DHT) • Female phenotype & XY male genotype

  3. Applied Aspects • Female Pseudo Hermaphrodite: • Congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia • Administration of androgen to mother • Male phenotype and XX female genotype

  4. four possible defects produced by maternal nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes at the time of meiosis (Turner’s syndrome) (Klinefelter’s syndrome)

  5. Abnormalities of testicular function Cryptorchidism – descent of testes is incomplete one or less commonly both side, testes remain in the abdomen Male hypogonadism: Clinical picture depends on whether testicular deficiency develops before or after puberty. causes: • Testicular disease(Hypergonadotrophic Hypogonadism) • Disorder of hypothalamus or pituitary (Hypergonadotrophic Hypogonadism) Androgen secreting tumors :Leydig cell tumors (a rare condition) leads to precocious pseudopuberty in prepubertal boys

  6. A 15-year-old boy presents for his annual athletic physical. A thorough examination reveals unilateral cryptorchidism. The physician schedules a follow-up visit with the boy and his parents to discuss his recommendation for surgery to correct the defect because of his concerns of possible infertility in the future. Which of the following statements about spermatogenesis is correct?

  7. A) Mature spermatozoa are present at birth, but cannot be released until pubertyis reached. B)Spermatogenesis requires a temperature lower than internal body temperature. C)Spermatogenesis requires continuous release of gonadotropin- releasing hormone (GRH). D)Leydigcell secretion of testosterone requires follicle- stimulating hormone(FSH). E)Luteinizing hormone (LH) acts directly on Sertoli cells to promote cell division.

  8. The normal pattern of progesterone secretion during the menstrual cycle is exhibited by which of the following curves?

  9. An 18-year-old emaciated female who has been on a strict diet regimen and training for a marathon presents with amenorrhea. Exogenous pulsatile administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) restores ovulation and menses. Ovulation is caused by a sudden increase in the secretion of which of the following hormones? a. LH b. FSH c. GnRH d. Estrogen e. Progesterone

  10. In the following graph of changes in endometrial thickness during a normal 28-day menstrual cycle, the event designated A corresponds most closely to which of the following phases?

  11. a. The menstrual phase b. The maturation of the corpus luteum c. The early proliferative phase d. The secretory phase e. Ovulation

  12. A 26-year-old male with Klinefelter’s syndrome has seminiferous tubule dysgenesis. Which of the following is a function of Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules? a. Secretion of FSH into the tubular lumen b. Secretion of testosterone into the tubular lumen c. Maintenance of the blood-testis barrier d. Synthesis of estrogen after puberty e. Expression of surface LH receptors

  13. Correlation Between Hormonal Levels and Cyclic Ovarian and Uterine Changes

  14. Feedback control of FSH & LH during follicular phase

  15. Feedback control of FSH & LH during ovulation

  16. Feedback control of FSH & LH during luteal phase

  17. Precocious Puberty • Early development of secondary sexual characteristics. • True precocious puberty • Early otherwise normal pattern of GnRH secretion • Disorders involving hypothalamus, infection or tumor • Pseudo precocious puberty(no gametogenesis) • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia • Androgen secreting tumors(in males) • Estrogen secreting tumors( in females)

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