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Activity 3.1 - Emission Reduction and Application Possibilities

Activity 3.1 - Emission Reduction and Application Possibilities. ESMA, Efficient Ship Machinery Arrangement Project Summary Report: Emission Reduction Technology and Application Possibilities. ESMA is a joint ship machinery development project by a team of Kvaerner, ABB and Wärtsilä NSD

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Activity 3.1 - Emission Reduction and Application Possibilities

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  1. Activity 3.1 - Emission Reduction and Application Possibilities ESMA, Efficient Ship Machinery Arrangement Project Summary Report: Emission Reduction Technology and Application Possibilities • ESMA is a joint ship machinery development project by a team of • Kvaerner, ABB and Wärtsilä NSD • Summarised results are from a Report prepared by Marintek • June 1999 • under ESMA Activity No. 3.1 Technology H:\MJKU\GHn\Kalvot\ESMA_3.1.PPT 1(7) 8.11.1999 GHn/MJKU

  2. Activity 3.1 - Emission Reduction and Application Possibilities Report prepared by Marintek - Review of • Status of current and future marine exhaust gas legislation • IMO regulation • EPA proposal • Swedish fairway and harbour fee models • Typical emissions levels • diesel engines • gas engines • gas turbines • Current and upcoming technologies for emission reduction • NOx • particulates • SOx Recommendations Most interesting measures for emission reduction Technology H:\MJKU\GHn\Kalvot\ESMA_3.1.PPT 2(7) 8.11.1999 GHn/MJKU

  3. NOx emissions - marine diesel engines - important legislation Global NOx control IMO regulation NOx limit as a function of engine nominal speed Regional NOx control Swedish port fee system Lowest fee: NOx< 6 g/kWh Moderate fee: 6 < NOx < 12 g/kWh Highest fee: NOx > 12 g/kWh Swedish fairway fee system Lowest fee: NOx < 2 g/kWh Highest fee: NOx >12 g/kWh Moderate fee: 2 < NOx < 12 g/kWh (linear relation) USA-EPA proposal for ships used domestically and for implementation in year 2007 Cylinder displacement < 30.0 liters/cyl: HC + NOx < 7.2 - 11.0 g/kWh Cylinder displacement > 30.0 liters/cyl: IMO regulation Technology H:\MJKU\GHn\Kalvot\F&E\GHn05c.PPT 9.11.1999 GHn/MJKU

  4. Summary and main conclusions Typical NOx levels: *) For power plant and offshore turbines, low NOx tuned at base load Technology H:\MJKU\GHn\Kalvot\ESMA_3.1.PPT 4(7) 8.11.1999 GHn/MJKU

  5. Summary and main conclusions Measures for reducing diesel NOx emission: (grades ranging from 1 to 5, where 1 is the highest score) Technology H:\MJKU\GHn\Kalvot\ESMA_3.1.PPT 5(7) 8.11.1999 GHn/MJKU

  6. Summary and main conclusions Measures for reducing gas turbine NOx emissions: Dry low NOx burners (liquid fuel operation) Typically precisely tuned for base load application Technology is not ready or fitted for transient use and liquid fuel operation High cost Water injection Not applicable for transient operating marine turbines Technology H:\MJKU\GHn\Kalvot\ESMA_3.1.PPT 6(7) 8.11.1999 GHn/MJKU

  7. Summary and main conclusions SOx reduction: Low sulphur fuel MDO typically 50 USD more expensive than ordinary HFO Low sulphur HFO typically 10-20 USD/ton more expensive than ordinary HFO Low sulphur HFO not available everywhere Sea water scrubbing • Important: proposed IMO regulation (Marpol 73/78 Annex 6) • not allowed to discharge waste streams from SOx scrubbers • into ports, harbours and estuaries in SOx emission control • areas (Baltic Sea) Technology H:\MJKU\GHn\Kalvot\ESMA_3.1.PPT 7(7) 8.11.1999 GHn/MJKU

  8. Recommendations Diesel large-scale NOx reduction: • Cylinder water injection • 50-60 % NOx reduction (NOx < 6 g/kWh) • SCR catalyst: • 95 % NOx reduction (NOx < 2 g/kWh) SOx reduction: Best option: low sulphur fuel Sea water scrubbing? Particulate reduction (steady state operation): Best option: shift to low ash and sulphur HFO Technology H:\MJKU\GHn\Kalvot\ESMA_3.1.PPT 8(7) 8.11.1999 GHn/MJKU

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