TERI, New Delhi

1. Framework for implementation of Article 4.5 of the convention: perspectives from the Asia and Pacific region TERI, New Delhi

2. Objectives • Improve adoption and diffusion of ESTs in this region • Elaborate on possible steps to implement the proposed framework • Promote international and regional cooperation among Parties

3. Issues in the transfer of ESTs • Lack of focus on capacity building needs of developing countries • Neglected role of private sector in the transfer of ESTs • Inadequate policies and legal framework • Unavailability of information regarding ESTs • Lack of initiatives to transfer publicly held technologies

4. Interventions to enhance the effectiveness of technology transfer • Necessity to build indigenous capacity • Focus on information dissemination with a view to facilitate technological change • Mechanisms at the national and global level to facilitate technology transfer • Financial packages which use public financing to leverage private sector investment in ESTs • Policy initiatives to support the adoption of ESTs

5. Key elements of the framework • Identify country priorities • Evaluate present technological status and define technology needs • Assess various technological options • Develop an ITP (integrated technology programme) • Financing mechanisms • Assessment for feedback

7. Broad project types under the ITP • Technology identification • Capacity building • Technology procurement

8. Activities under the ITP • Identify various sources of ESTs • Advise the government on policy issues to create an enabling environment • Formulate a blueprint for capacity building in prioritized sectors • Enable the adaptation of technologies

9. Activities under the ITP (contd.) • Create an information dissemination framework • Develop projects for funding and coordinate with FCCC Secretariat • Assess various programmes/projects and financial mechanisms

10. Policy measures Annex I countries (supply side): • Provide incentives to encourage private sector investment in non-Annex I countries • Encourage transfer of publicly held technologies • Help the developing countries through various steps in the framework • Coordinate bilateral efforts under the national ITP of host countries

11. Policy measures (contd.) Non-Annex I countries: • Encourage the private sector participation • Develop a sound legal framework to encourage adoption and diffusion of ESTs • Facilitate the transfer of publicly held technologies • Promote joint technology development programmes • Policy initiatives to create long-term market development for ESTs

14. Assessment of programmes/projects • National focal points (EST-ADCs) should be responsible for assessment and feedback • Periodic assessment through national surveys and sector specific studies • Assess the effectiveness of various multilateral/bilateral mechanisms • Modify future projects/programmes in line with the lessons learnt

17. Assessment of various technological options Points to be considered: • Market potential: promote technologies with high and moderate market potential • Socio-economic feasibility • Assimilation capacity