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Populism

Populism. The Wizard of Oz… an allegory of the U.S. in the late 19 th Century. “ We’re not in Kansas Anymore”. Lyman Frank Baum (1856-1919). • Moved to Chicago, the location of the 1896 Democratic National Convention, where he marched for William Jennings Bryan

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Populism

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  1. Populism The Wizard of Oz… an allegory of the U.S. in the late 19th Century. “We’re not in Kansas Anymore”

  2. Lyman Frank Baum (1856-1919) • Moved to Chicago, the location of the 1896 Democratic National Convention, where he marched for William Jennings Bryan • Published The Wonderful Wizard of Oz in 1900.

  3. Framing the Story • Allegory – “a story, play, poem, picture or other work in which the characters and events represent particular qualities or ideas, related to morality, religion or politics” • Late 19th century politics – Farmers’ frustrations give rise to Populism. – U.S. economy controlled by the gold standard. – every paper dollar is backed by a dollar’s worth of gold in the U.S. Treasury.

  4. Farmers at the end of the century • more than 1/3 of all farmers in 1900 were tenants. • in Kansas, banks foreclosed almost half the farms from 1890-1900 due to inability to pay mortgages.

  5. “You are welcome, most noble Sorceress, to the land of the Munchkins. We are so grateful to you for having killed the Wicked Witch of the East, and for setting our people free from bondage.”

  6. The Wicked Witch of the East? - Eastern Financial Interests - Collapse of Railroads and financial crash of 1893 caused bankruptcies for 150 banks, 200 railroads, and 15,000 businesses.

  7. The Good Witch of the North • The Social Gospel movement – religiously inspired reform effort that used Christian principles to advocate for a just and cooperative society. – women’s participation in reform efforts • YWCA

  8. Farmers took action… • The Farmers’ Alliance (1889) "Equal Rights to All, Special Privileges to None”

  9. On the Yellow Brick Road…(farmer’s alliance) • The Populists or People’s Party(1892) – Farmer’s Alliance, Knights of Labor, WCTU – National Third Party

  10. The Scarecrow (Farmer) • If I only had a brain… • self-education as the basis of political power

  11. The Tin Woodman (workingman) • "If I only had a heart...” • cog in a giant machine • Industrial Accidents – 35,000/year died. – 25% of all men who reached 20 in 1880 would not live to see age 45.

  12. Populist Agenda • “We seek to restore the government of the Republic to the hands of the plain people with which class it originated.” • government ownership of railroads, banks, and telegraph. • graduated income tax • 8-hour workday • Free Silver • electoral reform - direct elections

  13. The Cowardly Lion –William Jennings Bryan? • "I don't know anything about free silver...[but] the people of Nebraska are for free silver and I am for free silver.”

  14. The End

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