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Reoviruses

Reoviruses. Reoviruses/Reoviridae. Orthoreoviruses Rotaviruses Orbiviruses Coltiviruses. Reoviruses/Reoviridae. Reovirus r espiratory e nteric o rphan. Reoviruses/Reoviridae. Nonenveloped Double-layered protein capsid “10-12 segments” “dsRNA”

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Reoviruses

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  1. Reoviruses

  2. Reoviruses/Reoviridae • Orthoreoviruses • Rotaviruses • Orbiviruses • Coltiviruses

  3. Reoviruses/Reoviridae • Reovirus respiratory enteric orphan

  4. Reoviruses/Reoviridae • Nonenveloped • Double-layered protein capsid • “10-12 segments” • “dsRNA” • Stable over wide pH and temperature ranges • Orbiviruses arboviruses • coltiviruses

  5. Reoviruses/Reoviridae • Orthoreoviruses • Mammalian reoviruses, reoviruses • Cause asymptomatic infections in humans • Rotaviruses • Human infantile gastroenteritis • A very common disease

  6. Reoviruses/Structure & replication • rota Latin word wheel  appearence in electron micrographs • dsRNA segmented 10-11 segments • “reassortment of segments” hybrid viruses

  7. Reoviruses/Structure & replication • Replication • Ingestion • Partial digestion of the virion • Production of ISVPs • Attachment to epithelial and other cells • “Transcription”, translation VPs, and • Replication

  8. Reoviruses/Orthoreoviruses • Ubiquitous • 3 serotypes • Do not cause significant disease in humans • Most people are probably infected during childhood (75%of adults)

  9. Rotaviruses • Cause infantile diarrhea • Infection in many mammals and birds • Virions relatively stable @ RT and resistant • Serotypes (VP7, VP4), groups (VP6)(A-G), subgroups • Humans: Group A , B,C

  10. Rotaviruses/Disease mechanisms • Spread: fecal-oral, Respiratory route: possible • Cytolytic and toxin-like action on the intestinal epithelium causes loss of electrolytes and prevents readsorbtion of water • Disease can be significant in infants younger than 24 months but asymptomatic in adults

  11. Rotaviruses/epidemiology • Oneof the most common causes of serious diarrhea in young children worlwide • 600 000 death/year

  12. Rotaviruses/epidemiology • At risk: • Rotavirus type A • <24 months infants • Infantil gastroenteritis with potential dehydration • Older children & adults • Mild diarrhea • Undernourished people in underdeveloped countries diarrhea, dehydration, death

  13. Rotaviruses/epidemiology • At risk: • Rotavirus type B • Infants, older children, and adults in China: • Severe gastroenteritis

  14. Rotaviruses/epidemiology • Geography/Season • Worldwide • More common in autumn, winter, and spring

  15. Rotaviruses/Laboratory diagnosis • Ag • ELISA • Latexaggl • PCR

  16. Prophylaxis • Vaccine • handwashigh

  17. Coltiviruses and Orbiviruses • Coltiviruses • Colorado tick fever • Orbiviruses • Blue tongue disease of sheep • African horse sickness • Epizootic hemorrhagic disease of deer

  18. Colorado tick fever viruses • Infects erythroid precursor cells • cause generally mild or subclinical infection (can cause serious hemorrhagic disease) • Lab. Diagnosis • Ag detection by IF • Treatment • No specific tr.

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