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Global Shift: Rise of New Powers and the Tragic Legacy of Slavery

Explore the emergence of Spain, Portugal, Netherlands, France, and England, the impact of the African slave trade, and the resistance against slavery in the 16th to 18th centuries. Witness the rise of sugar plantations, the devastating effects of the slave trade on Africa's population, and the abolition efforts by Quakers and European nations. Learn about the struggle for dominance in Southeast Asia and the lucrative business of the Asiento. Unravel the complexities of a world shaped by power struggles and human suffering.

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Global Shift: Rise of New Powers and the Tragic Legacy of Slavery

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  1. NEW RIVALS ON THE WORLD STAGE • SPAIN AND PORTUGAL = 16TH CENTURY • DUTCH REPUBLIC, FRANCE, ENGLAND = 17TH CENTURY

  2. AFRICA: THE SLAVE TRADE • PORTUGUESE HAD CONTROL OVER SLAVE TRADE IN AFRICA AND SPICE TRADE IN INDIAN OCEAN • MID-17THCENTURY - DUTCH SEIZE CONTROL OF PORTUG. FORTS ON W. COAST OF AFRICA AND TAKE CONTROL OF TRADE IN THE INDIAN OCEAN • THE DUTCH EAST INDIA COMPANY • CAPE TOWN

  3. OVER 10 MILLION AFRICANS FORCIBLY ABDUCTED AND SOLD INTO SLAVERY

  4. AFRICAN SLAVERY • AFFECTED COAST NOT INTERIOR • 16-18TH CENTURY TENS OF MILLIONS ENSLAVED • PRIOR TO 16TH CENT SLAVERY WAS LIMITED • SUGARCANE AND SUGAR PLANTATIONS SET UP IN THE 17TH CENT IN CARIBBEAN AND SOUTH AMERICA • NATIVES HAD BEEN KILLED/DIED OFF -> NEED FOR NEW LABOR = AFRICA

  5. GROWTH OF THE SLAVE TRADE • ENSLAVED AFRICANS 1. 16TH CENT = 275,000 2. 17TH CENT = OVER 1 MILLION 3. 18TH CENT = 6 MILLION 4. 19TH CENT = SLAVE TRADE IS ENDING = 2 MILLION 5. EST THAT 10 MILLION AFRICANS WERE FORCIBLE EXPORTED TO THE AMERICAS

  6. SLAVE TRANSPORT • HIGH MORTALITY RATES - 10% • 300-450 SLAVES PER SHIP • 100 DAY JOURNEY • UNSANITARY, CROWDED, INHUMAN CONDITIONS • HIGH DEATH RATE DUE TO DISEASE IN THE NEW WORLD

  7. EFFECTS OF THE SLAVE TRADE • RAVAGED INDIVIDUALS AND FAMILIES • CHEAP GOODS FROM EUROPE DESTROYED LOCAL COTTAGE INDUSTRY IN AFRICA • DEPOPULATION - YOUNGEST AND STRONGEST TAKEN • POLITICAL EFFECTS - INCREASED TRIBAL WARFARE AND VIOLENCE

  8. OPPOSITION TO SLAVERY AND THE SLAVE TRADE • DIDN’T EXIST IN EUROPE • RACISM • FIRST OPPOSITION = THE SOCIETY OF FRIENDS = THE QUAKERS - 1770’S • ABOLISHED IN French rev. 1790’s • BRITAIN ABOLISHES SLAVERY IN 1807 • USA NOT UNTIL THE CIVIL WAR IN THE 1860’S

  9. THE WEST IN SOUTHEAST ASIA • PORTUGAL ATTEMPTED TO DOMINATE TRADE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA • PORTUGAL LACKED ENOUGH WEALTH AND POP TO COLONIZE ASIA • SPANISH ESTABLISH CONTROL OF THE PHILIPPINES • PORTUGUESE TRADE EMPIRE IS SQUEEZED OUT BY THE DUTCH AND ENGLISH • BY THE END OF 18TH CENT DUTCH TAKE COLONIAL CONTROL OF INDONESIA • MAINLAND STATES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA ABLE TO RESIST EUROPEAN CONTROL -> BURMA, THAILAND, VIETNAM

  10. THE ASIENTO • The right to sell slaves in Spanish colonies • English gained control of the asiento • English made huge profits in the slave trade

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