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jQuery Plugin Development

jQuery Plugin Development. By Mike Alsup. What is a plugin ? Why Write One?. A way to extend the core library. A way to reuse code. A way to contribute!. Agenda. Quick Overview of Types Considerations, Rules, Conventions Diving In Tips Q&A. Types of Plugins.

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jQuery Plugin Development

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  1. jQueryPlugin Development By Mike Alsup

  2. What is a plugin? Why Write One? • A way to extend the core library • A way to reuse code • A way to contribute!

  3. Agenda • Quick Overview of Types • Considerations, Rules, Conventions • Diving In • Tips • Q&A

  4. Types of Plugins • Methods: Element-centric $(‘#myDiv’).myPlugin(); • Psuedo Expressions Extend jQuery.expr[:] object • Animations Extend jQuery.easing or jQuery.fx.speed

  5. Considerations • Host Environment Target Audience Other Libraries installed Older versions of jQuery • Documentation • Extensibility / Flexibility • Interoperability Metadata plugin Easing plugin

  6. “Rules” • jQueryvs $ Don’t use the global ‘$’ Use ‘jQuery’ or a closure-protected ‘$’ • Implicit iteration $(‘<div>’).hide(); Iterate the nodeset • Honor Chaining $().one().two() return “this” • Semicolons Use ‘em

  7. Conventions • Namespaces Choose one (ex: $(...).myPlugin() ) • Plugin closure pattern ;(function($){ /* my code here! */})(jQuery); • $this, $that ex: var $this = $(this) • File name jquery.pluginname.js

  8. The Extension Point • jQuery.fn • jQuery.fn===jQuery.prototype • jQuery.fn.myPlugin = function() …

  9. Getting Started // a simple no-op plugin jQuery.fn.myPlugin = function() { }

  10. Getting Started // a simple no-op plugin jQuery.fn.myPlugin = function() { // what is this? return this; }; Honor chaining

  11. Getting Started // a simple no-op plugin jQuery.fn.myPlugin = function() { this.each(function() { // what is this? }); return this; }; Iterate the nodeset Honor chaining

  12. Getting Started ;(function($) { // a simple no-op plugin $.fn.myPlugin = function() { this.each(function() { ... }); return this; }; })(jQuery); Use a closure Iterate the nodeset Honor chaining $(‘#myDiv’).myPlugin();

  13. Example 1 Change the colors of an element when hovering over it.

  14. Example 1 <html> <head> <script type="text/javascript" src="../jquery-1.2.6.js"></script> <style type="text/css"> </style> </head> <body> <div id="sidebar"> <div><h1>Heading One</h1>content ...</div> <div><h1>Heading Two</h1>content ...</div> <div><h1>Heading Three</h1>content ...</div> </div> <div id=“main"> <div><h1>Heading One</h1>content ...</div> <div><h1>Heading Two</h1>content ...</div> <div><h1>Heading Three</h1>content ...</div> </div> </body> </html>

  15. Example 1 <html> <head> <script type="text/javascript" src="../jquery-1.2.6.js"></script> <style type="text/css"> .highlight { background-color: #ffd } </style> </head> <body> <div id="sidebar"> <div><h1>Heading One</h1>content ...</div> <div><h1>Heading Two</h1>content ...</div> <div><h1>Heading Three</h1>content ...</div> </div> <div id=“main"> <div><h1>Heading One</h1>content ...</div> <div><h1>Heading Two</h1>content ...</div> <div><h1>Heading Three</h1>content ...</div> </div> </body> </html>

  16. Example 1 – cont. <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { $('h1').hover( function() { $(this).addClass('highlight'); }, function () { $(this).removeClass('highlight'); } ); }); </script>

  17. Example 1 – cont. <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { $('#main h1').hover( function() { $(this).addClass('highlight'); }, function () { $(this).removeClass('highlight'); } ); $('#sidebar h1').hover( function() { $(this).addClass('highlight2'); }, function () { $(this).removeClass('highlight2'); } ); }); </script>

  18. Example 1 – cont. <script type="text/javascript"> </script>

  19. Example 1 – cont. <script type="text/javascript"> ;(function($) { })(jQuery); $(document).ready(function() { }); </script>

  20. Example 1 – cont. <script type="text/javascript"> ;(function($) { $.fn.hoverClass = function(c) { }; })(jQuery); $(document).ready(function() { }); </script>

  21. Example 1 – cont. <script type="text/javascript"> ;(function($) { $.fn.hoverClass = function(c) { return this.hover( function() { $(this).addClass(c); }, function () { $(this).removeClass(c); } ); }; })(jQuery); $(document).ready(function() { }); </script> ... return this.hover(function() { ... }); ... this.hover(function() { ... }); return this;

  22. Example 1 – cont. <script type="text/javascript"> ;(function($) { $.fn.hoverClass = function(c) { return this.hover( function() { $(this).addClass(c); }, function () { $(this).removeClass(c); } ); }; })(jQuery); $(document).ready(function() { $('#main h1').hoverClass('highlight'); $('#sidebar h1').hoverClass('highlight2'); }); </script>

  23. Example 1 - jquery.hoverClass.js ;(function($) { $.fn.hoverClass = function(c) { return this.hover( function() { $(this).addClass(c); }, function () { $(this).removeClass(c); } ); }; })(jQuery);

  24. Example 1 – complete <html> <head> <script type="text/javascript" src=“jquery-1.2.6.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.hoverClass.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <style type=“text/css”> ... </style> $(document).ready(function() { $('#main h1').hoverClass('highlight'); $('#sidebar h1').hoverClass('highlight2'); }); </script> </head> <body> ...

  25. Example 2 Submit a form using AJAX

  26. Example 2 <form id="form1" action="test.php" method="POST"> Name: <input type="text" name="user" /> Comment: <input type="text" name="comment" /> <input type="submit" value="Submit" /> </form>

  27. Example 2 <form id="form1" action="test.php"method="POST"> Name: <input type="text" name="user" /> Comment: <input type="text" name="comment" /> <input type="submit" value="Submit" /> </form>

  28. Example 2 ;(function($) { })(jQuery);

  29. Example 2 ;(function($) { $.fn.formlite = function() { }; })(jQuery);

  30. Example 2 ;(function($) { $.fn.formlite = function() { return this.submit(function() { }); }; })(jQuery); ... return this.submit(function() { ... }); ... this.submit(function() { ... }); return this;

  31. Example 2 ;(function($) { $.fn.formlite = function() { return this.submit(function() { var $form = $(this); }); }; })(jQuery);

  32. Example 2 • ;(function($) { • $.fn.formlite = function() { • return this.submit(function() { • var $form = $(this); • $.ajax({ • url: $form.attr(‘action’), • type: $form.attr(‘method’) || ‘GET’ • data: $form.serialize() • }); • }); • }; • })(jQuery);

  33. jquery.formlite.js • ;(function($) { • $.fn.formlite = function() { • return this.submit(function() { • var $form = $(this); • $.ajax({ • url: $form.attr(‘action’), • type: $form.attr(‘method’) || ‘GET’ • data: $form.serialize() • }); • return false; • }); • }; • })(jQuery);

  34. Example 2 <html> <head> <script type=“text/javascript” src=“jquery.formlite1.js”></script> <script type=“text/javascript”> $(document).ready(function() { $('#form1').formlite(); }); </script> </head> <body> <form id="form1" action="test.php" method="POST"> Name: <input type="text" name="user" /> Comment: <input type="text" name="comment" /> <input type="submit" value="Submit" /> </form> </body> </html>

  35. Options

  36. Example 2 • ;(function($) { • $.fn.formlite = function(options) { • return this.submit(function() { • var $form = $(this); • $.ajax({ • url: $form.attr(‘action’), • type: $form.attr(‘method’) || ‘GET’ • data: $form.serialize() • }); • return false; • }); • }; • })(jQuery);

  37. Example 2 • ;(function($) { • $.fn.formlite = function(options) { • return this.submit(function() { • var $form = $(this); • var opts = $.extend({ • url: $form.attr('action'), • method: $form.attr('method') || ‘GET’ • }, options || {}); • $.ajax({ • url: opts.url, • type: opts.method, • data: $form.serialize() • }); • return false; • }); • }; • })(jQuery);

  38. Example 2 <html> <head> <script type=“text/javascript” src=“jquery.formlite.js”></script> <script type=“text/javascript”> $(function() { $('#form1').formlite( { url: ‘test-ajax.php’ } ); }); </script> </head> <body> <form id="form1" action="test.php" method="POST"> Name: <input type="text" name="user" /> Comment: <input type="text" name="comment" /> <input type="submit" value="Submit" /> </form> </body> </html>

  39. More Options • target • success

  40. Example 2 • ;(function($) { • $.fn.formlite = function(options) { • return this.submit(function() { • ... • $.ajax({ • url: opts.url, • type: opts.method, • data: $form.serialize(), • success: function(response) { • if (opts.target) • $(opts.target).html(response); • if (opts.success) • opts.success(response); // hmmmm.... • } • }); • return false; • }); • }; • })(jQuery);

  41. Example 2 • ;(function($) { • $.fn.formlite = function(options) { • return this.submit(function() { • varform = this, $form = $(this); • $.ajax({ • url: opts.url, • type: opts.method, • data: $form.serialize(), • success: function(response) { • if (opts.target) • $(opts.target).html(response); • if (opts.success) • opts.success.call(form, response); • } • }); • return false; • }); • }; • })(jQuery);

  42. Example 2 • ;(function($) { • $.fn.formlite = function(options) { • return this.submit(function() { • var form = this, $form = $(this); • $.ajax({ • url: opts.url, • type: opts.method, • data: $form.serialize(), • success: function(response) { • if (opts.target) • $(opts.target).html(response); • if (opts.success) • opts.success.call(form, response); • } • }); • return false; • }); • }; • })(jQuery); if (opts.success) opts.success(response); if (opts.success) opts.success.call(form, response);

  43. Example 2 <html><head> <script type=“text/javascript” src=“jquery.formlite.js”></script> <script type=“text/javascript”> $(function() { $('#form1').formlite({ target: '#response1' }); $('#form2').formlite({ success: onSuccess }); function onSuccess(response) { // this is the form element $('#response2').html(response); }; }); </script> </head><body> <form id="form1" action="test.php" method="POST"> ... </form> <div id=“response1”></div> <form id="form2" action="test.php" method="POST"> ... </form> <div id=“response2”></div> </div></body> </html>

  44. Example 3 A slideshow plugin

  45. Example 3 ... $('.slideshow').slideshow(); ... <body> <div class="slideshow”> <imgsrc="images/beach1.jpg" /> <imgsrc="images/beach2.jpg" /> <imgsrc="images/beach3.jpg" /> </div> <div class="slideshow"> <imgsrc="images/beach4.jpg" /> <imgsrc="images/beach5.jpg" /> <imgsrc="images/beach6.jpg" /> </div> </body>

  46. Example 3 $.fn.slideshow = function() { return this.each(function() { }); };

  47. Example 3 $.fn.slideshow = function() { return this.each(function() { // ‘this’ is our slideshow container element var $this = $(this); var $slides = $this.children(); varcurr = 0, slideCount = $slides.size(); }); };

  48. Example 3 $.fn.slideshow = function() { return this.each(function() { // ‘this’ is our slideshow container element var $this = $(this); var $slides = $this.children(); varcurr = 0, slideCount = $slides.size(); // hide all slides but the first $slides.each(function(i) { // 'this' is the slide element $(this)[i==0 ? 'show' : 'hide'](); }); }); };

  49. Example 3 $.fn.slideshow = function() { return this.each(function() { // ‘this’ is our slideshow container element var $this = $(this); var $slides = $this.children(); varcurr = 0, slideCount = $slides.size(); // hide all slides but the first $slides.each(function(i) { // 'this' is the slide element $(this)[i==0 ? 'show' : 'hide'](); }); function transition() { // private function ... }; setTimeout(transition, 4000); // start the initial timer }); };

  50. Example 3 $.fn.slideshow = function() { return this.each(function() { ... function transition() { var next = curr == (slideCount - 1) ? 0 : curr + 1; // fadeOutcurr, fadeIn next $($slides[curr]).fadeOut(); $($slides[next]).fadeIn(); // start timer again setTimeout(transition, 4000); curr = curr == (slideCount - 1) ? 0 : curr + 1; }; // start the initial timer setTimeout(transition, 4000); }); };

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