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Essential EMT Pharmacology: Medication Administration Guidelines and Key Concepts

This guide provides essential information for Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) regarding medication administration. It covers the three drug names: chemical, generic, and trade. EMTs must understand the indications, contraindications, side effects, and the “Four Rights” of medication administration: the right patient, right medication, right dose, and right route. Common medications EMTs can administer include activated charcoal, oral glucose, oxygen, nitroglycerin, inhalers, and epinephrine auto-injectors. Knowledge of these aspects ensures safe and effective care in emergency situations.

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Essential EMT Pharmacology: Medication Administration Guidelines and Key Concepts

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Pharmacology Medications EMTS can Administer

  2. General Information • Every drug has three names: • Chemical name • Generic name • Trade name

  3. When Giving a Medication • Know indications • Specific circumstances under which administering the drug is appropriate • Know Contraindications • Specific circumstances under which it is inappropriate or even harmful to administer the drug • Side effects • Any actions other than the desired action

  4. “Four Rights” • Do I have the right patient? • Is this the right medication • Is this the right dose? • Am I giving this medication by the right route of administration?

  5. Routes of Administration • Oral • Sublingual • Inhaled • Intravenous • Intramuscular • Subcutaneous • Endotracheal

  6. Medications on the Ambulance • EMTs are able to administer or assist with 6 different medications • activated charcoal • oral glucose • oxygen • nitroglycerin • inhalers • epinephrine auto-injectors

  7. Activated Charcoal • Separated powder from charred wood mixed with water • Used to treat poisoning or overdosed when the substance was swallowed

  8. Oral Glucose • A type of sugar • A form that can be taken by mouth by a conscious patient with AMS • Used in diabetic emergencies

  9. Oxygen • Pure oxygen is a drug • Used to treat hypoxia in medical and trauma patients

  10. Prescribed Medications • The three other medications that EMTs can assist are drugs prescribed to the patient by their doctor prior to the emergency

  11. Inhalers • Various medications to help breathing • Many have an effect on the heart • Ensure that the inhaler is the patient’s

  12. Nitroglycerin • Prescribed to patients with history of heart attacks and /or recurrent chest pain • Causes a drop in BP

  13. Epinephrine Auto-Injectors • A medication that counteracts severe allergic reactions • Potent effect on heart and vascular system

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