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Space Unit

Explore the influential astronomers from Ptolemy to Hubble and their contributions to the geocentric and heliocentric models, telescope advancements, laws of planetary motion, and groundbreaking discoveries like the expansion of the universe and moon landing. Learn about key figures, their achievements, and their impact on our understanding of space.

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Space Unit

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  1. Space Unit Scientists

  2. Ptolemy(85 A.D.-165 A.D.) • Lived in Egypt but was from Greece. • Was the most influential astronomer, mathematician and geographer of his time.

  3. Geocentric Model • Ptolemy believed all the planets and the sun circled the earth. • He used epicycles in his model of the solar system. • An epicycle is a smaller orbit that is used to explain the movements of the planets and the sun.

  4. Nicolas Copernicus(1473 – 1543) • Was an astronomer and mathematician • Lived and worked in Poland.

  5. Heliocentric Model • Copernicus used mathematics to prove that the earth turned on its axis once a day and orbited the sun once a year – Heliocentric Model • He still used epicycles to explain of the motions of the planets.

  6. His most famous invention was the telescope, 1609. He modeled it after other telescopes of the his time. His was much more powerful, up to 10 times more magnification. With this telescope, he was able to look at the moon, Jupiter’s moons, a supernova, and moon phases. His discoveries supported the heliocentric model, also know as the Copernican system. Galileo (1564-1642)

  7. Kepler formulated the “Laws of PlanetaryMotion” Kepler realized that the orbits of planets were not circles, but “flattened” circles called ellipses. He discovered that planets travel in elliptical orbits. Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) circle ellipse

  8. He discovered that other galaxies exist beyond our own. Edwin Powell Hubble's observations had revolutionized astronomy. We also were able to determine that the universe was expanding outwards, giving birth to the Big Bang Theory.  Edwin Hubble (1889-1953)

  9. John Glenn (born 1921) • First American to orbit the Earth • February 20, 1962 • Freedom 7 spacecraft

  10. First American to travel in space. May 5, 1961 Freedom 7 spacecraft Alan Shepard (1923-1998)

  11. First man to land and step foot on the moon. July 20, 1969 Apollo 11 mission Neil Armstrong (born 1930)

  12. 2nd man to step foot on the moon. July 20,1969 Apollo 11 mission Buzz Aldrin (born 1930)

  13. First human to travel in space. April 12, 1961 Vostok 1 Yuri Gagarin (1934-1968)

  14. Mae Jemison Became the first Black woman to travel space in 1992

  15. Who???? • …was first to walk on the moon? • …was 2nd to walk on the moon? • …was the first human to travel in space? • …was the first American to travel in space? • …discovered that other galaxies exist beyond our own? • …confirmed the idea that planets revolve around the sun? • …was the first to view the moons of Jupiter with his handmade telescope? • …discovered that planets travel in elliptical orbits?

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