Thailand Socio-Economics Development

1. Thailand Socio-Economics Development • East Asia Colonialism in 19th century • Causes • Consequences • Sin in the past, Shape of the future • Bowring Treaty and the development of Thailand socio-economics • Status of development: developed or undeveloped nation?

2. Portuguese expeditions1415–1542: Portuguese spice trade routes in the Indian Ocean

4. Imperialism and Capitalism • the highest (advanced) stage of capitalism Lenin(1817) • The essay is a synthesis of Lenin’s modifications and developments of economic theories had formulated and became Karl Marx Das Kapital (1867). • Capitalism required monopolies (of labour and natural-resource exploitation) and the exportation of finance capital (rather than goods) to sustain colonialism • Under Lenin or Marx idea, in the capitalist homeland, the profits yielded by the colonial exploitation of a people and their economy, permit businessmen to bribe native politicians, labor leaders and the labor aristocracy (upper stratum of the working class) to politically thwart worker revolt (labor strike).

5. China as a Center of Civilization • Massive Population • Growing population, large work force, need no industrialization • Advanced Civilization • Inventor (compass, gun powder) and producer of fine goods by skilled artisan (porcelain) • Control local and international trade • government monopolized trade “Canton System” • Very long History => Cultural Chauvanism • Superior to other countries • As a consequence: unwilling to learn from others

6. European Trade and China • Europe wish to access to Chinese markets • Europe wanted most of Chinese items more than China wanted from Europe • China wanted trade settlement in gold or silver only • Britain solved trade imbalance problem by opium as a payment instead of gold/silver

7. พระนางซูสีไทเฮาแห่งราชวงศ์ชิงEmpress Dowager Cixi, Qing Dynasty, was a powerful and charismatic woman who effectively controlled the Chinese government from behind the bamboo curtain for 47 years, from 1861 to her death in 1908.

8. จักรพรรดิปูยีแห่งราชวงศ์ชิง (1644 - 1911)The Last Emperor Puyi of Qing Dynasty

9. Treaty of Nanjing: Consequence of 1st Opium War

10. Treaty of Tein Sin: Consequence of 2nd Opium War

11. Why China lost to Western? • Technology is the key • Both opium wars were determined on the sea • Firearms outright swords, arrows and extend the distance of the front line • Number of soldier was un-necessary winning factor • Economic aspect of Technology: Division of labor => Expertise

12. โทกุงาวะ โยชิโนบุ โชกุนคนสุดท้ายTokugawa Yoshinobu, the last Shogun

16. ไซโงะ ทะกะโมริ (西郷 隆盛 ), 1828 – 1877 และ นายพลเรือเพอร์รี่ ผู้นำการเปลี่ยนแปลงมาสู่ญี่ปุ่น

18. Young Patriots in Satsuma46 people gathered in Nagasaki with Saigo's command, 1865. Photo by Hiroma Ueno

19. Saigō Takamori Gunmusho (軍務所) banknote, issued in 1877 to finance his war effort

22. จักรพรรดิเมจิEmperor Meiji

23. จักรพรรดิไทโชและจักรพรรดิ์ฮิโรฮิโตะEmperor Taisho and Hirohito

25. Imperial officers of the Kumamoto garrison which fought against the troops of Saigo Takamori in 1877Ancient photographs of the Bakumatsu and Meiji periodWikipedia - "Satsuma Rebellion" การใช้ทหารแทนซามุไร

27. Colonialism: Thailand and Japan • Trade openness (trade liberalization) is a new form of colonialism in 19th century • Both faced the same situation in dealing with western influences calling for open their countries to trade • India and China are the good example of closed and under-progressed economy that can not resist the western modernization influences • Modernization or Internationalization usually refers to progress and/or development such as; • Western style clothes or eating (cultures) • Constitution (politics) • Capitalism (economics)

29. Bowring Treaty(1855-1916)

32. การแต่งกายชาวจีน สมัย ร.5

33. King Chulalongkorn 1868-1910

34. Selected Chronology of Western Influences in East Asia

35. Chakkri dynasty

36. Socio-Economic Development • Under the Bowring Treaty end of state trade monopoly • International division of labor lack of entrepreneur class less saving lead to lack or depend on foreign technology