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Chemistry Individual Project

Chemistry Individual Project. Presented by: Edith Lai (13) of F.3A Compound: Lithium Chloride(LiCl). Electron diagram of LiCl (showing the outermost shell only). Type of chemical bonding: Ionic Bond Chemical Formula: LiCl. Preparation.

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Chemistry Individual Project

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  1. Chemistry Individual Project Presented by: Edith Lai (13) of F.3A Compound: Lithium Chloride(LiCl)

  2. Electron diagram of LiCl (showing the outermost shell only) Type of chemical bonding: Ionic Bond Chemical Formula: LiCl

  3. Preparation • Lithium chloride is produced by treatment of lithium carbonate with hydrochloric acid. Li2CO3 + 2HCl → 2LiCl + CO2 + H2O

  4. Physical Properties of LiCl • Hygroscopic(吸水)white crystalline solid • Odorless • Melting point : 605 °C • Boiling point : 1382 °C • Molar mass:42.394g/mol • Density: 2.068 g/ cm3 • Solubility :highly soluble in alcohol and water (Solubility in 20 °C water :83.2 g/100 mL ) • Electrical conductivity: High due to its ionic structure in solution form • Refractive index (nD) 1.662

  5. Chemical Properties of LiCl • Stability:Stable under ordinary conditions of use and storage • Hazardous Decomposition Products:Emits toxic fumes of chlorine when heated to decomposition. • pH: Aqueous solution of LiCl is neutral or slightly alkaline • It is highly ionized in solution form. (Electronic configuration of Li and Cl: 2,1and 2,8,7) [They can form ionic compound easily as lithium can donate 1 e- to chlorine in which both of them will obtain stable octet structure.]

  6. Applications of LiCl • Used for the production of lithium metal by electrolysis. •  In more specialized applications, lithium chloride finds some use in organic synthesis • (e.g. as an additive in the Stille reaction) • Used to precipitate RNA from cellular extracts in biochemical applications. • Used as a flame colorant  and laboratory reagent. • Used as a desiccant for drying air streams • Used as a relative humidity standard in the calibration of hygrometers. • Used as a brazing flux for aluminium in automobile parts. Hygrometers Stille reaction RNA

  7. Potential Health Effects • LiCl might be harmful if swallowed or inhaled. • It will affect the: • central nervous system • respiratory system • muscles and kidneys • It will cause severe irritation(劇烈過敏)to skin, eyes and respiratory tract. • Other symptoms: • slurred speech(口齒不清) • blurred vision • heart and brain effects.

  8. Handling and storage of LiCl The following instructions should be followed while storing and handling LiCl: • Keep in a tightly closed container, stored in a cool, dry, ventilated area. • Protect against physical damage. • Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing. • Wash thoroughly after handling • Observe all warnings and precautions listed for the product . • Containers of this material may be hazardous when empty since they retain residues (dust, solids).

  9. Sources • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_chloride • http:// www.flickr.com • “Compound” by Alex Brown

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