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Prep to Play: Knee Injury Reduction Program for Women in Australian Football

Prep to Play is a comprehensive program developed by AFL and La Trobe University to reduce knee injuries in female Australian football players. This evidence-based program focuses on addressing modifiable factors such as movement patterns, muscle function, and training loads. It includes practical sessions, mobility and activation exercises, and emphasizes the importance of good technique and menstrual health. By implementing this program, clubs can enhance performance and reduce the risk of ACL injuries.

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Prep to Play: Knee Injury Reduction Program for Women in Australian Football

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  1. INTRODUCTION • Information and content in Prep to Play has been developed during a collaborative project with the AFL and La Trobe University. • Content is informed by best available evidence, as well as expert opinion from coaches, players and medical staff. • Content was developed through a thorough process of surveying, concept mapping, focus groups and feedback.  • Prep to Play is designed to give structure, guidance, education and resources to assist clubs to further develop their existing programs, rather than a rigid-structure approach.  PREP TO PLAY

  2. WHY DO WOMEN NEED TO DO KNEE INJURY REDUCTION PROGRAMS? • In all sports, woman have a 2-5 x greater risk of serious knee injury compared with males1 2 3 4 • In the first 2 AFLW seasons, this rate was higher again5 PREP TO PLAY

  3. WHAT CAN BE DONE? • Many different factors may increase a woman’s chance of sustaining a knee injury1 2 3 4 • This program is designed to address the modifiable factors of movement patterns, muscle function and training loads. PREP TO PLAY

  4. UNDERSTANDING HOW INJURIES HAPPEN PREP TO PLAY • *Data from AFLW Season 1 & 2 support these statistics • Therefore this program focusses on 3 key movement skills specific to these common injury mechanisms2; • Jumping and landing • Deceleration • Change of direction

  5. PREP TO PLAY BENEFITS *Benefits based on previously published programs of similar content in other female contact ball sports6 7 8 9 10 11 PREP TO PLAY No research to date in female Australian Football players. • BENEFITS ARE MUCH GREATER IF PROGRAMS ARE PERFORMED 3 X PER WEEK COMPARED WITH 1 X PER WEEK 12 6

  6. KEY CONCEPTS OF PREP TO PLAY • There are 5 key components • PREP TO PLAY is a program informed by previous research6 7 8 9 10 11 designed to reduce the risk of ACL injury and enhance performance • Current research has been unable to determine which components of the programs are most effective • Therefore, the current recommendation is that all components should be completed until further research is conducted in the female Australian Football population PREP TO PLAY

  7. PREP TO PLAY Examples of mobility & activation exercises

  8. AFL IS A 360○ SPORT • These skills will help you move better and respond to what’s going on around you. • PURPOSE • Improve your athleticism and football performance. PREP TO PLAY • YOUR ROLE • Learn good technique and ask for feedback.

  9. HOW DO I KNOW IF I HAVE GOOD TECHNIQUE? • Refer to your PREP to PLAY manual for examples of: PREP TO PLAY • You may be able to give or receive feedback from your teammates • Gain individual feedback from your physiotherapy, high performance or coaching staff

  10. ATHLETE PRACTICAL SESSION PREP TO PLAY

  11. PREP TO PLAY

  12. ATHLETE PRACTICAL SESSION PREP TO PLAY

  13. PREP TO PLAY

  14. ATHLETE PRACTICAL SESSION PREP TO PLAY

  15. PREP TO PLAY

  16. Refer to your PREP to PLAY manual for examples of: • YOUR ROLE • Transfer you movement and footwork skills into football drills. • Gain feedback off your coaches and staff. PREP TO PLAY • PURPOSE • Improve execution of tackling and ground balls. • Decrease head, neck and shoulder injuries.

  17. ATHLETE PRACTICAL SESSION PREP TO PLAY

  18. ATHLETE PRACTICAL SESSION PREP TO PLAY

  19. PREP TO PLAY

  20. PREP TO PLAY

  21. SLEEP | EAT | DRINK | PLAY | REPEAT PREP TO PLAY DO THE BASICS WELL! WITHOUT THIS IT DOESN’T MATTER HOW MANY ICE BATHS OR MASSAGES YOU HAVE

  22. PREP TO PLAY

  23. MENSTRUAL HEALTH • WHEN SHOULD I ASK FOR HELP? • WHY IS MENSTRUAL HEALTH RELEVANT? • Managing symptoms and hormones is an important part of managing your general health and wellbeing • This may impact your energy levels, injury risk and sport performance • A regular cycle is healthy, and should occur every 4-6 weeks • If you have the following symptoms: • Period that is delayed, irregular or has stopped • Cramps • Excessive bleeding • Low energy • Excessively or unusually tender breast • Any other irregular symptoms PREP TO PLAY

  24. REFERENCES 1. Prodromos, C., et al., A meta-analysis of the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament tears as a function of gender, sport, and a knee injury-reduction regimen. Arthroscopy, 2007. 23(12): p. 1320-1325.e6. 2. Renstrom, P., et al., Non-contact ACL injuries in female athletes: an International Olympic Committee current concepts statement. Br J Sports Med, 2008. 42(6): p. 394-412. 3. Smith, H.C., et al., Risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament injury: a review of the literature - part 1: neuromuscular and anatomic risk. Sports Health, 2012. 4(1): p. 69-78. 4. Smith, H.C., et al., Risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament injury: a review of the literature-part 2: hormonal, genetic, cognitive function, previous injury, and extrinsic risk factors. Sports Health, 2012. 4(2): p. 155-61. 5. AFL Doctors Association, A.P.A., AFL Injury Survey 2016. 2016, AFL Football Operations Department: Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 6. Finch, C. F., et al. (2016). Preventing Australian football injuries with a targeted neuromuscular control exercise programme: comparative injury rates from a training intervention delivered in a clustered randomised controlled trial. Inj Prev 22(2): 123-128. 7. Webster, K. E. and T. E. Hewett (2018). A Meta-analysis of Meta-analyses of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Reduction Training Programs. J Orthop Res. 8. Bizzini, M. and J. Dvorak (2015). FIFA 11+: an effective programme to prevent football injuries in various player groups worldwide-a narrative review. Br J Sports Med 49(9): 577-579. 9. Myer, G. D., et al. (2005). Neuromuscular training improves performance and lower-extremity biomechanics in female athletes. J Strength Cond Res 19(1): 51-60. 10. Steffen, K., et al. (2013). High adherence to a neuromuscular injury prevention programme (FIFA 11+) improves functional balance and reduces injury risk in Canadian youth female football players: a cluster randomised trial. Br J Sports Med 47(12): 794-802. 11. Hagglund, M., et al. (2013). Injuries affect team performance negatively in professional football: an 11- year follow-up of the UEFA Champions League injury study. Br J Sports Med 47(12): 738-742. 12. Steffen, K., et al. (2013). "Evaluation of how different implementation strategies of an injury prevention programme (FIFA 11+) impact team adherence and injury risk in Canadian female youth football players: a cluster-randomised trial." Br J Sports Med 47(8): 480-487. PREP TO PLAY

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