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Plasma Protein

Plasma Protein. HMIM BLOCK 224. Dr. Shaikh Mujeeb Ahmed Assistant Professor AlMaarefa College. Objectives. Describe the composition of blood. Enumerate different plasma proteins. Explain the functions of plasma protein.

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Plasma Protein

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  1. Plasma Protein HMIM BLOCK 224 Dr. ShaikhMujeeb Ahmed Assistant Professor AlMaarefa College

  2. Objectives • Describe the composition of blood. • Enumerate different plasma proteins. • Explain the functions of plasma protein. • Correlate the changes in plasma proteins with the clinical conditions.

  3. BLOOD • Represents about 8% of total body weight • Average volume • 5 liters in women • 5.5 liters in men • Two parts • Plasma (55%) • Cells (45%)

  4. BLOOD • Consists of 3 types of specialized cellular elements suspended in plasma (liquid portion of blood) • Erythrocytes • Red blood cells • Important in O2 transport • Leukocytes • White blood cells • Immune system’s mobile defense units • Platelets • Cell fragments • Important in hemostasis

  5. Blood Composition

  6. FUNCTIONS • Transport of • Respiratory gases (O2 & CO2) • Nutrients • Metabolites • Hormones • Defense against infection • Maintenance of • Body temperature • Acid-Base balance • Fluid-Electrolyte balance

  7. Plasma

  8. Types of Plasma Proteins

  9. Properties of Plasma Proteins • Separated from plasma by ultracentrifugation • They are unable to pass across the capillary membrane consequently exerting an colloidal osmotic pressure of 25mmHg • Blood viscosity • Due to presence of polar residues like NH3+ and COO- - show electrophoretic mobility • Acts a Buffers

  10. Functions of Plasma Proteins • Two general functions • Retaining fluid portion of blood in capillaries • Buffering body fluids • Specific functions of plasma proteins • Nutrients • Enzymes • Hormones • Antibodies • Clotting and fibrinolytic factors • Carrier molecules • Scavengers

  11. Examples of plasma protein and their functions

  12. Albumin • Synthesized in liver • 10-12 gms each day and half life is 20 days. • Exerts about 80-90% of the plasma colloid osmotic pressure. • It forms about 60% of total plasma protein. • Decrease in albumin – hypoalbuminaemia. • Fluid leaves the circulation- edema • Cause: malnutrition, liver disease, kidney disease • Function: transportation of Ca++, bilirubin

  13. Globulins • Subdivided into α1, α2, β and γ • Alpha and beta globulins are synthesized in liver. • γ- gamma globulins are synthesized in reticuloendothelial system by plasma cells. • Alpha globulin transport lipoproteins, lipids, hormones(cortisol binding globulin, thyroid binding globulin and bilirubin. • Beta globulin transport lipids, cholesterol, iron and copper. • Gamma globulins (immunoglobulins) all the known antibodies are γ globulins.

  14. Fibrinogen • As clotting factor • Provide viscosity to the blood

  15. Summary

  16. Plasma • Plasma proteins • Compose 6% to 8% of plasma’s total weight • 3 groups of plasma proteins • Albumins • Most abundant plasma proteins • Globulins • 3 subclasses • Alpha (α) • Beta (β) • Gamma (γ) • Fibrinogen • Key factor in blood clotting

  17. Plasma

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