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Alkenes and Alkynes

Alkenes and Alkynes. Alkenes. hydrocarbons that contain one or more double bonds Non-polar General formula C n H 2n. Properties of Alkenes. Unsaturated hydrocarbon Boiling points are slightly less than the boiling points of similar-sized alkanes Non-polar – low solubility in water

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Alkenes and Alkynes

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  1. Alkenes and Alkynes

  2. Alkenes • hydrocarbons that contain one or more double bonds • Non-polar • General formula CnH2n

  3. Properties of Alkenes • Unsaturated hydrocarbon • Boiling points are slightly less than the boiling points of similar-sized alkanes • Non-polar – low solubility in water • More reactive than alkanes

  4. Naming Alkenes • Follow the same format as alkanes: Prefix + Root + Suffix *the suffix for alkenes is -ene • Also need the location of the double bond • The double bond has the lowest possible position number

  5. Cis-Trans (Geometric) Isomers

  6. General Rules for Geometric Isomers • Each carbon in the C=C double bond must be attached to two different groups. • In a cis isomer the two larger groups are attached to each C=C double bond on the same side. • In a trans isomer, the two larger groups are attached to each C=C double bond on opposite sides.

  7. Alkynes • Contain one or more triple bonds • Unsaturated hydrocarbons • Structure with a triple bond is linear • More reactive than the double bond • General formula CnH2n-2 • Naming alkynes follow the same rules for alkenes

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