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Understanding Skin Structure: Layers and Functions of the Epidermis and Dermis

This comprehensive overview explores the skin's structure, focusing on the two main layers: the epidermis and the dermis. The epidermis, primarily made of stratified squamous epithelium, includes several layers such as the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum, each with distinct functions. Below lies the dermis, composed of dense connective tissue, which includes the papillary and reticular layers, providing nutrients, support, and sensation. The role of melanin in skin color and protection against UV exposure is also discussed.

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Understanding Skin Structure: Layers and Functions of the Epidermis and Dermis

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Objective 5 Name the tissue types composing the dermis and epidermis; including layers and functions.

  2. Skin Structure • Epidermis – outer layer • Stratified squamous epithelium • Often keratinized (hardened by keratin) • Dermis • Dense connective tissue Figure 4.3

  3. Skin Structure • Deep to dermis is the hypodermis • Not part of the skin • Anchors skin to underlying organs • Composed mostly of adipose tissue

  4. Layer of Epidermis • Stratum basale (“base” – deepest layer) • Cells undergoing mitosis • Lies next to dermis • Stratum spinosum • Web-like system of filaments • Stratum granulosum • 3-5 layers thick Waterproof • Last layer with capillaries/blood

  5. Layer of Epidermis • Stratum lucidum • Occurs only in thick skin • Clear, flat dead cells • Stratum corneum – only layer you can see! • Shingle-like dead cells • 75% of the epidermis • Protection • “Beauty is Only Skin Deep?” … • All we see are dead cells!!! HAHAHAHA…

  6. Melanin • Pigment (melanin) produced by melanocytes • Color is yellow to brown to black • Melanocytes are mostly found in the stratum basale • Amount of melanin produced depends upon genetics and exposure to sunlight (tanning)

  7. Dermis • Two layers • Papillary layer • Projections called dermal papillae • Pain receptors • Capillary loops • Reticular layer • Blood vessels • Glands • Nerve receptors

  8. Skin Structure Figure 4.4

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