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WESTERN ARCTIC SHELF-BASIN INTERACTIONS (SBI) PHASE 2 FIELD PROJECT OVERVIEW

WESTERN ARCTIC SHELF-BASIN INTERACTIONS (SBI) PHASE 2 FIELD PROJECT OVERVIEW Jacqueline M. Grebmeier SBI Project Office, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee, 37932, USA ARCSS All Hands Meeting Seattle, Washington February 20, 2002 http://utk-biogw.bio.utk.edu/SBI.nsf.

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WESTERN ARCTIC SHELF-BASIN INTERACTIONS (SBI) PHASE 2 FIELD PROJECT OVERVIEW

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  1. WESTERN ARCTIC SHELF-BASIN INTERACTIONS (SBI) PHASE 2 FIELD PROJECT OVERVIEW Jacqueline M. Grebmeier SBI Project Office, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee, 37932, USA ARCSS All Hands Meeting Seattle, Washington February 20, 2002 http://utk-biogw.bio.utk.edu/SBI.nsf

  2. SBI Goal and Focus • Overall hypothesis: climate change will significantly and preferentially impact the physical and biological linkages between arctic shelves and the adjacent ocean basins • Focus area: • outer shelf, shelf break and upper slope, where key processes control water mass exchange and biogeochemical cycles • greatest responses to climate change are expected • US SBI: focus is Chukchi and Beaufort seas and slopes

  3. General schematic of SBI study area and research topics

  4. SBI Field Program • 2002 and 2004 • USCGC HEALY • 6 May-15 June (Nome-Nome, AK) • 17 July-26 August (Nome-Nome, AK) • USCGC POLAR STAR • July (Dutch Harbor-return, AK) RV ALPHA HELIX • June (Dutch Harbor-Nome, AK) 2003 USCGC/TBD • 1-30 July (Nome-Nome, AK) RV ALPHA HELIX • June USCGC HEALY USCGC POLAR STARSEA USCGC POLAR STAR RVALPHA HELIX RV ALPHA HELIX

  5. SBI Phase II-Field Program

  6. SBI Service Field Measurements • SERVICE FIELD MEASUREMENTS: (Swift et al.): • CTD-based temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen measurements (Swift) • Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) data (Padman, Münchow) • In situ-fluorescence and transmissivity • Photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) measurements • Rosette for discrete water sampling • Determination of inorganic nutrients (nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, dissolved silicon, ammonium) (Whitledge, Codispoti), chlorophyll-a (Whitledge & Stockwell), salinity, and dissolved oxygen (Swift) • Underway surface observations, including temperature, salinity and meteorological data (Swift et al.)

  7. Service Program CTD Rosette: Swift et al.; 4 casts with two 12-10L and two 12-30L bottle configurations

  8. SBI Process Studies-Water Column (10 projects, plus service measurements) RATE MEASUREMENTS FOR PROCESS CRUISES(details in SBI water column sampling spreadsheet in meeting folder) • Primary production, nutrient uptake, biomass, pigments, optics (Cota) • Stable oxygen isotopes (Cooper) • POC/N, DOC/N, DIC (Hansell and Bates) • Bacterial production, biomass, respiration (Kirchman) • Microzooplankton biomass and grazing (Sherr and Sherr) • Biomarkers (Harvey and Benner) • Sediment metabolism (Grebmeier) • Denitrification (Christensen/Devol) • Radium isotopes (Kadko) • POC/N export, flux, w/thorium, lead, and radium isotopes (Moran)

  9. Active optical sensor Passive optical sensor Glenn Cota: primary production, optics, satellite

  10. On deck incubator for dilution assays ~ 36 inches Inflow buffer ~ 52 inches Lexan tube, 6” diameter x 22 “ long, holes drilled in sides to allow water flow Ashjian, Campbell, Sherr(s), Smith-zooplankton studies

  11. SBI-Macro/Meso Zooplankton Field Studies (4 projects) • Macro-zooplankton biomass and production (Ashjian and Campbell, Smith and Lane) • Zooplankton abundance via sensors on CTD (Ashjian, Gallagher & Benfield) • C-13, N-15 stable isotope analyses of macro/meso-zooplankton (Dunton)

  12. Ring Net • Carin Ashjian/Bob Campbell (zooplankton) • Our ring nets will be ~1m in diameter and up to 6 m long • Used for • Vertical tows (ship stationary) • Oblique tows (ship moving) • Used off the side of the ship

  13. Bongo Nets • Sharon Smith/Peter Lane (zooplankton) • Deployed off the side • Towed either vertically (ship stationary; ice) or obliquely (ship moving; no ice)

  14. MOCNESS • Deployed off stern using 0.68” conducting wire MOCNESS ready on deck MOCNESS being deployed

  15. SBI Benthic Field Studies (5 projects) • Benthic macrofaunal biomass, metabolism (Grebmeier and Cooper) • C-13, N-15 of benthic fauna (Dunton) • Denitrification (Christensen and Devol) • Biomarkers, sediment DOC flux w/Grebmeier (Harvey and Benner) • Sedimentation rates and mixing: Th-234, Pb-210 (Moran)

  16. Van Veen (Grebmeier and Cooper)

  17. HAPS Corer HAPS Multicorer

  18. SBI Off-ship Field Studies • denitrification/sediment metabolism (Christensen and Devol) • sea ice algal production and physical properties(Gradinger and Eicken) • off-ship access needed for both projects: deployment on ice at start of station via basket or helicopter operations, as necessary; if by helicopter, possible coordination with USWFS objectives

  19. Multi-corer, Soutar core, and off-ice mini-lander (John Christensen and Al Devol)

  20. Ice sampling: ice algae and properties (Rolf Gradinger and Hajo Eicken)

  21. Marine Mammals and Seabird Surveys-USFWS • 2002: Marc Webber (USFWS) • bird and marine mammal surveys from bridge • coordinate/assist with Hajo Eicken’s ice observations • opportunistically test images on helo missions when time, ice, walrus observed; externally mounted video housing • note spring helo ops limited: marine mammal hunt

  22. Data Management • JOSS (Joint Office for Science Support) responsible for both shipboard field catalog and land-based data management (Dirks & Moore) Remote Sensing • Need to provide regional and basin scale spatial and temporal coverage (needs: Cota, Gradinger & Eicken, Maslowski, Pickart, Weingartner et al.) SBI Process Studies (relevant Healy cruise)

  23. Other Core SBI Studies • Time Series Moorings • conductivity/salinity, temperature, ADCP (Weingartner, Aagaard & Woodgate, Pickart) • biochemical sensors: nutrient, chlorophyll, transmissivity (pending) • Modelling • biophysical coupled modelling: (Maslowski and Walsh) • sea-ice modelling (Gradinger and Eicken) • Winter sampling • helicopter study (Christensen & Melling) • April 2003 US Navy ice camp

  24. Why Would A Teacher Participate? • Research takes the teacher and the classroom beyond the textbook science.• Inquiry-based experiences that show science as a human endeavor, and the relevance of science to societal issues.• Science will come “alive” in the classroom.

  25. SBI Project Office 2002: Field Program Media release: April 2002 PIs arrive Nome: May 4 (spring)/July 14 (summer) Healy arrives Nome: May 5/July 15 Healy departs Nome: May 6-7/July 16-17 Healy returns Nome: June 15/August 26 SBI PIs depart ship: June 15/August 26 SBI 2003 SBI 2 PI meeting: winter 2003; pan-Arctic meeting (fall 2003: Europe) Mooring cruises: June (Alpha Helix), July/August (TBD) Survey cruise: July (TBD)

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