Ancient Greece (1750 B.C.-133 B.C.) Lesson 1 Early Greece

1. Ancient Greece (1750 B.C.-133 B.C.) Lesson 1 Early Greece

2. Ancient Greece (1750 B.C.-133 B.C.) Lesson 1 Early Greece Learning Objectives • Identify the influences on Minoan culture and how the civilization prospered. • Summarize how the Mycenaeans ruled the sea trade and started the Trojan War. • Describe the works of Homer and their influence on Greek culture.

3. Ancient Greece (1750 B.C.-133 B.C.) Lesson 1 Early Greece Key Terms • Knossos • shrines, • frescoes, • Trojan War, • straits, • Homer,

4. Minoans Prosper From Trade The island of Crete (kreet) was the cradle of an early civilization that later influenced Greeks living on the European mainland. The people of Crete, however, had absorbed many ideas from the older civilizations of Egypt and Mesopotamia.

5. Minoans Prosper From Trade • The Palace at Knossos • Minoan Civilization Vanishes

6. Minoans Prosper From Trade From the Aegean Sea coastline and islands like Karpathos, shown here, early Greek civilizations traded with Egypt and the Middle East.

7. Mycenaean Civilization Like the Aryans who spread across India, the Mycenaeans spoke an Indo-European language. They conquered the Greek mainland before overrunning the island of Crete.

8. Mycenaean Civilization • Trade by Sea Brings Wealth • The Trojan War

9. Mycenaean Civilization This massive Lion Gate, erected about 1250 B.C., is the main entrance to the fortress at Mycenae.

10. Mycenaean Civilization Since the late 1800s, archaeologists have excavated cities buried beneath a hill in western Turkey thought to be the site of ancient Troy.

11. Homer and the Great Greek Legends Not long after their victory over Troy the Mycenaeans themselves came under attack from sea raiders and also from another Greek-speaking people, the Dorians, invading from the north. As Mycenaean power faded, their people abandoned the cities and trade declined. People forgot many skills, including the art of writing. From the end of the Mycenaean civilization in about 1100 B.C. until about 900 B.C., Greek civilization seemed to step backward.

12. Homer and the Great Greek Legends • Two Epic Poems • The Iliad • The Odyssey • A Legacy for the Future

13. Homer and the Great Greek Legends Hundreds of years after Homer sang his epic poems, a sculptor carved into marble this idea of the poet’s appearance.

14. Homer and the Great Greek Legends Analyze Charts A series of Greek civilizations grew, flourished, and fell on the mainland and islands of the eastern Mediterranean. Which civilizations absorbed ideas from Egypt and Mesopotamia? How did they learn about these ideas?

15. Quiz: Minoans Prosper From Trade Art at Knossos reflects Minoan culture by A. portraying the courage of men at war. B. presenting women only in their homes. C. illustrating the importance of the sea. D. depicting mountains as places of awe.

16. Quiz: Mycenaean Civilization How did trade shape Mycenaean society? A. It slowed economic growth and curbed population expansion. B. It brought contact with the ideas and skills of other cultures. C. It encouraged the development of new political movements. D. It limited knowledge of the ideas and beliefs of other cultures.

17. Quiz: Homer and the Great Greek Legends What do Homer’s epics reveal about Greek culture? A. the values of the ancient Greeks B. the origins of major Greek cities C. the beliefs of the ancient Dorians D. the activities of Greek sea traders