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Understanding Epithelial Tissue: Structures, Types, and Gland Classification

This comprehensive overview of epithelial tissue covers its general characteristics, types of epithelial membranes, and gland classification. Epithelial tissue is characterized by closely packed cells with minimal intercellular space and features such as microvilli and cilia. We discuss classifications based on cell shape (squamous, cuboidal, columnar), the number of layers (simple, stratified), and functions (protection, absorption, secretion). Additionally, we explore exocrine and endocrine glands, including their structural and functional classifications, to provide a complete understanding of epithelial tissue.

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Understanding Epithelial Tissue: Structures, Types, and Gland Classification

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  1. بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

  2. EPITHELIAL TISSUE

  3. EPITHELIAL TISSUE • 1- Epithelial membranes (Epithelia). • 2- Glands.

  4. EPITHELIAL TISSUE • General characteristics: 1- Have cells with little intercellular space. 2- are avascular. 3- Are separated from the underlying C.T. by the basement membrane. 4- Apical surface modifications: a- Microvilli (brush border). b- Cilia. 5- Are derived from ectoderm, endoderm or mesoderm.

  5. Parameters for classificationof epithelial membranes • (1) The shape of most superficial cells: a- squamous (flat) b- cuboidal c- columnar

  6. (2)The Number of cell layers: a- Simple b- stratified

  7. (3) Function: a- Protection b- Absorption c- Secretion d- Excretion e- Transport f- Sensory reception

  8. TYPES OF EPITHELIAL MEMBRANES • (A) Simple Epithelium: 1- Simple squamous epithelium 2- Simple cuboidal epithelium 3- Simple columnar epithelium: a- with cilia b- without cilia 4- Pseudostratified columnar epith.: a- with cilia b- without cilia

  9. TYPES OF EPITHELIAL MEMBRANES • (B)Stratified epithelium: 1- Str. Squamous epith. 2- Str. Cuboidal epith. 3- Str. Columnar Epith. 4- Transitional epith.

  10. MICROVILLI

  11. CILIA

  12. SIMPLE EPITHELIUM D. Pseudo-stratified columnar epith.

  13. STRATIFIED EPITHELIUM XXXXXXXXXXXXXX C. Str. Cuboidal epith. D. Str. Columnar epith.

  14. Simple squamous epithelium Endothelium

  15. Simple squamous epithelium

  16. Simple cuboidal epithelium

  17. Simple cuboidal epithelium

  18. Simple Columnar Epithelium

  19. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

  20. Non-keratinized Stratified Squamous epithelium

  21. Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

  22. Transitional Epithelium

  23. GLANDS

  24. CLASIFICATION OFGLANDS Glands are classified according to the following parameters: • Presence or absence of ducts: Exocrine. Endocrine. (2) No. of cells: Unicellular: e.g. Goblet cell. Multicellular.

  25. CLASIFICATION OFGLANDS (3) Nature of secretion: Serous: serous acini Mucous: mucous acini Seromucous: Seromucous acini Aqueous (watery) Fatty Waxy

  26. CLASIFICATION OFGLANDS (4) Mechanism of secretion: a- Merocrine (by exocytosis) b- Apocrine c- Holocrine

  27. CLASIFICATION OF EXOCRINEGLANDS (5) Branchingof duct & Shape of secretory unit: - Simple - Simple branched - Compound branched - Tubular - Alveolar (acinar) - Tubuloalveolar

  28. TYPES OF EXOCRINE GLANDS

  29. GOBLET CELLS

  30. GOBLET CELLS

  31. GOBLET CELLS

  32. GOBLET CELLS

  33. MAJOR SALIVARY GLANDS

  34. SEROUS, MUCOUS & SEROMUCOUS ACINISEROUS DEMILUNEMYOEPITHELIAL CELLS

  35. SEROUS ACINAR CELL

  36. SEROUS ACINI

  37. MUCOUS ACINI

  38. MUCOUS ACINI

  39. THANK YOU

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