Research and Commercialisation Challenges

1. + Research & Commercialization Challenges Dr. Mazlan Abbas

2. Research Challenges

3. +Research “Misunderstanding” !  How Long Does It Take? !  What’s the Difference Between Masters and PhD? !  Why Problem Definition Takes A Long Time? !  How Do We Manage Researchers? !  Why “Research” Approach is Different From “Development”? !  What are the characteristics of a Good Researcher?

4. +Scientific Definition of “Research” !  The strict definition of scientific research is performing a methodical study in order to prove a hypothesis or answer a specific question. !  Finding a definitive answer is the central goal of any experimental process. !  Research must be systematic and follow a series of steps and a rigid standard protocol. These rules are broadly similar but may vary slightly between the different fields of science. !  Scientific research must be organized and undergo planning, including performing literature reviews of past research and evaluating what questions need to be answered. !  Any type of ‘real’ research, whether scientific, economic or historical, requires some kind of interpretation and an opinion from the researcher. This opinion is the underlying principle, or question, that establishes the nature and type of experiment.

5. + What is BASIC Research? Basic research also known as fundamental or pure research is driven by a scientist’s curiosity or interest in a question. The main motivation of this type of research is:- •  To expand man’s knowledge of the world and not to invent or create something new. •  There is no obvious commercial value in research of this type. Basic science research includes answers to such questions as: •  How did the universe begin? •  How has man evolved over time? •  How does genetic code determine who we are? •  What is the specific genetic code of an earth worm? •  What are protons, neutrons and electrons made of?

6. + What is APPLIED Research? Applied research is designed to the practical problems that exist in the modern world, rather than to just acquire knowledge for knowledge’s sake. One main goal of applied science is to improve human conditions and make the world a better place. Applied science may investigate ways to: •  improve agricultural crop production •  get better network throughput •  find alternative routing solutions •  treat or cure a specific disease •  improve the energy efficiency of homes

7. Activity Establish Context Detail Tasks Literature Review Problem Definition Scope of Research Timeframe 3-6 months (MSc-PhD) Mathematical Modeling Simulation Experimental Select & Design Methods Undertake Research 3-6 months New mathematical theory New programming language New simulation tool Acquisition and trials test-bed 3-6 months Testing of Model Analysis & Validation Create Output IP 6-12 months 3-6 months Thesis Technical report Publication Conference VIVA Review & Evaluate < 3 months Note: On average = Masters (2 years to complete) and PhD (3-6 years to complete)

8. How To Choose a Good Scientific Problem? [Excerpts from the Article “How To Choose a Good Scientific Problem” by Uri Alon]

9. Choosing good problems is essential for being a good researcher. But what is a good problem, and how do you choose one?

10. +The Feasibility-Interest Diagram for Choosing a Project

11. +The Feasibility-Interest Diagram for Choosing a Project

12. + Take Your Time •  A common mistake made in choosing problems is taking the first problem that comes to mind. •  Since a typical project takes years even it if seems doable in months, rapid choice leads to much frustration and bitterness in our profession. •  It takes time to find a good problem, and every week spent in choosing one can save months or years later on. In my lab, we have a rule for new students and postdocs: Do not commit to a problem before 3 months have elapsed. In these 3 months the new student or postdoc reads, discusses, and plans. The state of mind is focused on being rather than doing. The temptation to start working arises, but a rule is a rule. After 3 months (or more), a celebration marks the beginning of the research phase— with a well-planned project. Taking time is not always easy. One must be supported to resist the urge: ‘‘Oh, we must produce—let’s not waste time, and start working.’’

13. + The Subjectivity of the Interest Axis •  Who decides how to rank the interest of problems? One of the fundamental aspects of science is that the interest of a problem is subjective and personal. •  The inner voice can be strengthened and guided if one is lucky enough to have caring mentors. •  A scientist often needs a supportive environment to begin to listen to this voice.

14. + The Subjectivity of the Interest Axis Good test: One way to help listening to the inner voice is to ask: ‘‘If I was the only person on earth, which of these problems would I work on?’’ An honest answer can help minimize compromises. Another good sign of the inner voice are ideas and questions that come back again and again to your mind for months or years. Another good test: When asked to describe our research to an acquaintance, how does it feel to describe each project? In science, the more you interest yourself, the larger the probability that you will interest your audience.

15. + The Objective and Nurturing Schemas of Research The mentors’ task is to support students through the cloud that seems to guard the entry into the unknown. And, with this schema, we have more space to see that problem C exists and may be more worthwhile than continuing to plod toward B. “Sailing into the unknown again and again takes courage”

16. +IP Landscape Using Thomson Innovation Tool

17. Research Approaches (1) Mathematical Modeling (2) Simulation (3) Experimental

18. Mathematical Modeling Fast, easily define upper and lower bound Complex mathematics, need programming

19. Network Model Simulation Scalable, Flexible Assumptions must be accurate Time consuming Either self-programming or using simulation tool Expensive (?) Traffic Model Performance Results Packet Scheduling Model Algorithm

20. Experimental Accurate, real results Time consuming, expensive, not scalable

21. Intellectual Properties (IPs) Architecture / Systems / Methods Is it Worth A Masters or PhD

22. + Why Do We Need Degree, Masters and PhD Interns? Support testbed setup Simple experiment and Data Collection Some simple application programming Degree Support experimental work (advanced) Simulation to proof the concept/ideas Masters Mathematical modeling Develop Simulation model Co-generate and test new ideas PhD

23. How Do We Manage Researchers?

24. +Researchers Expectations Breathing space Need time to think to be creative. •  •  Always “Fresh” in new research area Knowledge always starts anew in every project. •  •  Killing Knowledge We can kill a Product or Project but be careful in killing a “Research” since it will “wipe out” knowledge. •  •  Quest for Knowledge Never ending journey to the Frontiers of Knowledge Finding new challenges Recognition in their area of expertise •  •  •  • 

25. Light At the End of The Tunnel PhD is not all about the novelty achieved but it’s the Systematic Process of Doing Research that’s the utmost important. “Research” Working with the “Unknown” “Development” Working with “Known”

26. Researchers’ Challenges (But who appreciates people working with the Unknown?)

27. + Valley of Appreciation Viewing Angle Application Layer Presentation Layer Session Layer Transport Layer Network Layer Data Link Layer Physical Layer

28. How Deep to Explore? “Breadth” or “Depth” of Research

29. To Go Deeper … You Need a Platform

30. Cave Explorer Explorer’s Risk

31. Do We Reward the “Cave Explorer”? Unstoppable Effort Taking High Risks Venture in to Unknown

32. Commercialization Challenges

33. +What is Innovation? Unlike invention, which usually requires a flash of inspiration, innovation is a process of coordinated activities that, when linked with identified opportunities, generates new value for the organization and the customer.

34. +Global Innovation Index - Ranking Country 2008-2009 Rank Country 2009-2010 Rank USA 5.28 1 Iceland 4.86 1 Germany 4.99 2 Sweden 4.85 2 Hong Kong 4.83 3 UK 4.84 3 Sweden 4.82 4 Switzerland 4.82 4 Singapore 4.81 5 Denmark 4.72 5 South Korea 4.73 6 Finland 4.66 6 Switzerland 4.73 7 Singapore 4.65 7 Denmark 4.69 8 Netherlands 4.62 8 Japan 4.65 9 New Zealand 4.60 9 Netherlands 4.64 10 Norway 4.59 10 Canada 4.63 11 USA 4.57 11 Hong Kong 4.59 12 Canada 4.55 12 Japan 4.50 13 Finland 4.57 13 … … … … … … Malaysia 3.77 28 Malaysia 4.06 25

35. +Human Capacity - Researchers

36. +Importance of ICT Communications -> Information -> Knowledge -> Power

37. INNOVATION PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT IDEAS SOLUTIONS MARKETING

38. +Sustaining the Innovation

39. + Helping to Position Malaysia Patent Ranking at the Global Level WIPO-World Intellectual Property Organisation PCT - Patent Cooperation Treaty 28th( 49% 302( Patents( 38th( 51% 2010 218( Patents( 41% 30th( 59% 2009 (186th(! 3,254th( 205( Patents( 33rd( 91% 2008 0 5 10 15 PCT/WIPO Ranking 20 25 30 35 40 MIMOS Other Malaysian Applicants

40. +Driving National Priorities •  Economic Growth •  Competitiveness •  Productivity •  High-income Jobs •  Better Quality-of-Life Creating the Global Malaysia Incorporated

41. Innova&on'Driven'Economy'' To(Support(The(New(Economic(Model(

42. + Participants in the Technology Adoption Life Cycle Revenue growth Late Majority, Conservatives Early Majority, Pragmatists Early Adopters, Visionaires Laggards, Sceptics Lead Users, Innovators LU EA EM LM La Time Crack 2 The Chasm Crack 1 Crack 3 Communications Breakdown

43. +Broadband Eco-System Manufacturer Product House System Integrator Telco Reseller & Distributor R&D Regulator Users Applications Developer Content Aggregator Content Provider App Stores

44. Loyalty iPod Mobile Internet The “Cloud” iTunes iPhone Innovation “Think Different” Entertainment Closing The Gap Apple TV iPad Macbook Air Mobile Computing

45. +Past Achievements - WiWi Gen 1.5 Launched August 2009 1st Hybrid WiFi/WiMAX at 2.3 GHz Indoor Model Supports 802.11 b/g WiMAX 802.16e IPv6 and Multicast support Plug-and-Play

46. +IPv6-enabled Devices (MIMOS Products) MIMOS WiWI Gen 1.8b MIMOS WiWI Gen 1.8a MIMOS WiWI Gen 1.5 Jen-ii iDOLA

47. Past Achievements Achievements Technology Recipients: • CEEDTec • PERNEC Integrated Network Systems Q4’10 -WiMAX Pico Base Station WiWi Indoor CPE Q3’10 -WiWi Enterprise CPE •  WiWi Indoor CPE (Gen 1.5) • WiMAX Wave 2 Digital Signal Processing (DSP) platform • WiMAX Direct Mobile Operation (DMO) • 802.16j WiMAX Mesh Network Algorithm completed • WiMAX Wave 1(DSP Board) • WiMAX Wave 1 Q1’10 -WiWi Outdoor CPE 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

48. + LED 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

49. +Bridging the Digital Divide HOT ZONE (500m-1km) HOT SPOT Access Point (50-200m) METRO NET (5-10km) Relay Hot Spot Mesh Mesh Users PAN Gateway (0-50m) Relay Mesh Mesh DR-Mesh HOT ZONE Mesh Mesh 49 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

50. + MIMOS Wireless Deployments Wifi@GloriaJean’s Coffee River Thames Municipal WiFi@Melaka MCMC Kampung WiFi@ N. Sembilan Kampung Kerangai Teriang Kampung Puom Pekan Kota 2012 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.