1 / 22

Organic Chemistry I Lab Fractional Distillation of Volatile Organic Solvents

Organic Chemistry I Lab Fractional Distillation of Volatile Organic Solvents. This presentation outlines, in several simple steps, how to put together a fractional distillation setup with some helpful hints about the experiment in general.

mberta
Télécharger la présentation

Organic Chemistry I Lab Fractional Distillation of Volatile Organic Solvents

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Organic Chemistry I LabFractional Distillation of Volatile Organic Solvents This presentation outlines, in several simple steps, how to put together a fractional distillation setup with some helpful hints about the experiment in general.

  2. Clamp a 250 mL round bottomed flask as shown in the photo below(after adding 60 mL of the solvent mixture and a few boiling chips into the flask -make sure that you add the solvent mixture into the flask before you place the flask into the mantle)

  3. At this stage it is useful for you to familiarize yourself with some of the glassware which you will be using regularly

  4. 2. Place the fractionating column into the flask

  5. 3. Place the distillation head into the fractionating column

  6. The next step involves installation of the thermometer adaptor (with the thermometer) into the distillation head.You should install the thermometer into the adaptor first

  7. Place the thermometer adaptor (with the thermometer) into the distillation headnote the position of the thermometer bulb

  8. Before continuing with the installation it would be prudent to place a second clamp around the fractionating column so that the added weight of the glassware does not cause the whole setup to tip over. Do NOT tighten this second clamp. Glass and metal do not interact very well!

  9. Install the condenser to the distillation head. Place a Keck-clip (blue plastic) to keep the condenser in place Do NOT let go of the condenser before fastening it with the Keck-clip

  10. 6. Connect the vacuum adaptor (bent adaptor) to the cone end of the condenser and secure it with a Keck clip

  11. Make sure the water inlet hose to the condenser is the one closer to the “cone” end.You might wish to attach the hose to the faucet before installing the condenser

  12. 7. You might wish to clamp (gently) a graduated cylinder to a second stand so that you will be able to collect your distillate and measure the volume of each of your fractions.

  13. This is what the final setup should look like. (Go to the first slide for an image from further)

  14. Notebook Write-up Number your pages Write using a pen Give the title of the experiment Remember this experiment utilizes a “physical method” The purpose of the experiment is “to separate and identify volatile organic solvents”

  15. Notebook Write-up You should have the following sections in your notebook for this experiment: Objectives: Materials: Hazards: Procedure: Data: Results: Discussion and Questions:

  16. Notebook Write-upMaterials You should list all the materials (chemicals) you are using and also give their structures, i.e. acetone, cyclohexane, and toluene.

  17. Notebook Write-upHazards You should look up all the possible hazards of the materials you are using and also comment how you intend to protect yourself against any of these (for example, if any of the materials you are using are skin irritants, you can overcome this hazard considerably by wearing gloves) List and discuss only the relevant hazards for you in the lab

  18. Notebook Write-upProcedure Do not copy the procedure from the handout into your notebook (do not tape the handout into your notebook either) Write a brief outline of the procedure. However, make sure to indicate clearly if you deviate from what is written in the handout

  19. Notebook Write-upData Write in table form the temperature reading for each fraction collected. This could be a two or three column table. If there are any observations that you wish to record, you could put an asterisk (or number) in your table and give further details under the table (or in the next page)

  20. Notebook Write-upResults This is the most important section. Plot a graph of the data using a graphing software and attach it to your notebook (see the handout for further details) Write in full sentences the interpretation of the graph clearly. Identify the components in your mixture and the percentage of each component in the mixture. Mention any extrapolations you might have carried out.

  21. Notebook Write-upDiscussion and Questions Feel free to criticize the design of the experiment here. Mention any sources of error or any errors you might have inadvertently made (you don’t have to write anything here if you think all is well) Answer the questions assigned.

  22. HAVE FUN

More Related