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Aldrin

Aldrin.

melanie-mueller
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Aldrin

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  1. Aldrin

  2. Aldrin is an organochlorine insecticide that was widely used until the 1970s, when it was banned in most countries. It is a colourless solid. Before the ban, it was heavily used as a pesticide to treat seed and soil. Aldrin and related "cyclodiene" pesticides became notorious as persistent organic pollutants.

  3. Aldrin is named after the German chemist Kurt Alder, one of the coinventors of this kind of reaction. An estimated 270 million kilograms of aldrin and related cyclodiene pesticides were produced between 1946 and 1976. • Aldrin is part of the "drin" group of pesticides and therefore has similar properties to other members of the group such as Endrin, Dieldrin and Isodrin.

  4. Aldrin is named after the German chemist Kurt Alder, one of the coinventors of this kind of reaction. An estimated 270 million kilograms of aldrin and related cyclodiene pesticides were produced between 1946 and 1976.

  5. What is it used for? • Aldrin was developed as a pesticide to control soil insects and to protect wooden structures. Its use is now banned in the European Union, but it is still used in developing countries.

  6. Production • Aldrin is produced by combining hexachlorocyclopentadiene with norbornadiene in a Diels-Alder reaction to give the adduct.

  7. How might it affect the environment? Aldrin poisoning of waterfowl and other birds via consumption of plants grown in contaminated soils or of contaminated aquatic organisms has been seen. Some aquatic life is particularly affected by Aldrin and whole species can be wiped out in a contaminated area, which can have significant effects on fish and birds higher up the food chain. Plants and animals readily convert Aldrin into the related substance Dieldrin. Dieldrin is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) and may travel considerable distances in the environment. This means it could have impacts at a global level, possibly far from the point of release.

  8. How might exposure to it affect human health? • Aldrin can enter the body either by inhalation of aldrin powder, ingestion of contaminated food or water, or by dermal contact with either aldrin or formulations containing it. Inhalation of air containing elevated levels of aldrin powder can cause a range of adverse health effects.

  9. These range from respiratory irritationand depression, headaches and dizziness at moderate levels through to chemical pneumonitis at high concentrations. Ingestion of aldrin may lead to nausea, vomiting and diahorrea. Dermal contact with large amounts of aldrin over extended periods of time can lead to dermal irritation. Pure aldringenerally ecausesmild rythemawhereas commercial formulations may lead to more extreme reactions.

  10. Both compounds are highly toxic in experimental animals, and cases of poisoning in humans have occurred. Aldrin and dieldrin have more than one mechanism of toxicity. The target organs are the central nervous system and the liver. In long-term studies, dieldrin was shown to produce liver tumours in both sexes of two strains of mice. It did not produce an increase in tumours in rats and does not appear to be genotoxic.

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