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CSIR-CENTRAL ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KARAIKUDI

CSIR-CENTRAL ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KARAIKUDI. Science 9 February 2007, Vol. 315 no. 5813 pp. 796-798; MTM Koper, Faraday Discussions, 2008, 140, 11. These are indeed exciting times to be an electrochemist. Not only is the unprecedented

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CSIR-CENTRAL ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KARAIKUDI

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  1. CSIR-CENTRAL ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KARAIKUDI

  2. Science 9 February 2007, Vol. 315 no. 5813 pp.796-798; MTM Koper, Faraday Discussions, 2008, 140, 11 These are indeed exciting times to be an electrochemist. Not only is the unprecedented power of modern experimental and computational tools an excellent enabler for innovative fundamental research work, with the ever louder cry for alternative and more sustainable energy sources and devices, electrochemistry has every reason to put itself at the center of attention. Even prominent non-electrochemists admit that our future energy technology will have electrochemistry as one of its cornerstones. In a 2007 Science paper, Whitesides and Crabtree have identified long-term research areas that should not be forgotten, and many of them are of a partial or even complete electrochemical nature. The oxygen electrode (both oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution) (Electro-)catalysis by design Various aspects of photoelectrocatalysis (Electro-)chemistry of carbon dioxide (Electro-)chemistry of complex systems (‘‘emergent behavior’’, nonlinearity, innovative (electro-)chemical engineering) Efficiency of energy use (Electro-)chemistry of small molecules (H2O, CO, small inorganic nitrogen compounds) New ideas

  3. Towards Fourth Generation Electrochemistry, David E. Williams, Faraday Discuss., 2002, 121, 463-465 We are now sufficiently “powered” to Perform experiments at atomic level with precision Couple spectroscopy / microscopy to monitor electrochemical reactions in real-time Observe Molecular electronic events in electrochemistry Single-molecule electrochemistry/ electrocatalysis

  4. Glimpses and Events July 25, 1948 : The historic day spelt the beginning of an intensive activity to transform the place into one of the higher learning in quest of new technologies to put Karaikudi in the scientific map of the world, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru laid the foundation stone of CECRI. January 14, 1953 : Inauguration of CECRI, witnessed the presence of Dr Alagappa Chettiar, Dr SS Bhatnagar, Nobel Laureate Dr C V Raman and other eminent personalities. Dr. S Radhakrishnan inaugurated and dedicated to the nation.

  5. Glimpses and Events – contd. October 9th, 1955 : Dr M Visvesvaraya visited CECRI and said “ I do hope that in this scientific work, the money and energy spent will be comparable with the results achieved with those in America, England, Australia, etc.” January 22nd, 1966 : Dr Zahir Hussain visited and said that the significant work this institute is doing is symbolic of the great change that is coming over our country. • : Titanium substrate insoluble anode (TSIA) and graphite substrate lead oxide anode (GSLD) were developed. Rohini Rocket launched with CECRI made Ammoonium perchlorate at Thumba. • : CECRI celebrated its 25th year 1988 : NRDC announced Republic day award for CECRI’s invention “Radiation resistant coatings for nuclear power stations”

  6. Glimpses and Events – contd. • : CECRI celebrated its 40th Year on 25th July 1988 1997: One tonne cryogenic engine thrust chamber was developed using electroforming at CECRI for Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre. Golden Jubilee year of CECRI begins on 25th July 1997.

  7. Foundation stone laid: 1948 Physical Reality : 1953 Campus spread around 300 acres and 65,000 m2 of Lab space • CHENNAI • MANDAPAM • TUTICORIN Extension Centres

  8. MAJOR R & D DIVISIONS • Electrochemical Power Sources • Corrosion Science & Engineering • Electrochemical Materials Science • Electrodics & Electrocatalysis • Electrochemicals (Organic & Inorganic) • Functional Materials • Metal Finishing • Electrometallurgy (Hydro & Pyro) • Electrochemical Pollution Control

  9. RESEARCH GROUPS

  10. ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS • Lead Acid System • Nickel-metal Hydride and other Nickel Batteries • Lithium Batteries • Batteries for Special Applications • Fuel Cells • Supercapacitors

  11. CORROSION SCIENCE & ENGINEERING • Corrosion in Concrete Structures • Inhibitors & Bio–fouling • Protective Coatings • Cathodic & Anodic Protection • Failure Analysis

  12. ELECTROCHEMICALS (INORGANIC & ORGANIC) • Specialty Chemicals • Electrochemical Perfluorination • Chromium Recovery • Defluoridation • Hypochlorite Production • Water Electrolysis & Hydrogen Production • Drugs and Pharmaceuticals • Titanium Substrate Insoluble Anode (TSIA) • Coating/Recoating of Anodes and Cathodes of Chlor–Alkali Membrane Cells

  13. ELECTROMETALLURGY (HYDRO & PYRO) • Recovery of Metals from Secondary Sources • Gallium and Chromium • Manganese Dioxide • Magnesium • Calcium • Titanium • Aluminium

  14. INDUSTRIAL METAL FINISHING • Electroforming (Shaping) • Electroless Plating • Pulse Plating • Plating of Alloys & Composites • Precious Metal Plating • Anodizing

  15. ELECTRODICS & ELECTROCATALYSIS • Sensors & Modified Electrodes • Biosensors & Bioelectrochemistry • Nanoscale electrocatalysis • Theoretical Electrochemistry • Bimetallic Electrocatalysts • Nano-materials

  16. ELECTROCHEMICAL MATERIALS SCIENCE • Conducting Polymers and Nanomaterials • Electroluminescence • Photovoltaic Cells • Magnetic Materials

  17. FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS • ElectroCeramics • Molecularly Designed Polymers • Nanomaterials for Power Sources

  18. ELECTROCHEMICAL POLLUTION CONTROL • Electrochemical Treatment of Industrial Effluents • Pollution Control in Electroplating Industries • Electrochemical Remediation

  19. ANALYTICAL FACILITIES

  20. Microscopy • Scanning Tunneling & Atomic Force Microscope • Scanning Electron Microscopes • Transmission Electron Microscope • Metallurgical Microscope • FT-IR & Microscope • Laser Raman Microscope

  21. Spectroscopy • Electron Spin Resonance • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance • UV-VIS-NIR Spectrophotometer • X-ray Fluorescence • X-ray Photoelectron/Auger Electron • Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer • FT-IR Spectrometer • Laser Raman Spectrometer

  22. Battery Cycle Testing Unit • BET Surface Area Analyzer • CHN Analyzer • Cluster Computing Facility • CNC Milling Machine • Corrosion Fatigue Testing Unit • DC Magnetron Sputtering Unit • Differential Scanning Calorimeter • Electron Beam Evaporation Unit

  23. Gel Permeation Liquid Chromatograph • High Performance Liquid Chromatograph • Inductively-coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer • Ion Chromatograph • Metallurgical Microscope & Micro-hardness Tester • Particle Size Analyzer • Powder X-ray Diffractometer • Scanning Vibrating Electrode Technique (SVET) • Kelvin Probe

  24. Slow Strain Rate Stress Corrosion Testing Machine • Tensile Testing Machine • Thermal Analysis System (TG and DTA) • Transmission Electron Microscope • Universal Tensile Testing Machine • X-ray Fluorescence Thickness Gauge

  25. Research Ambience

  26. CENTRE FOR EDUCATION • As part of its human resource development programme, CECRI's Center for Education runs Anna University's • B.Tech. course in Chemical & Electro chemical Engineering. • The eight-semester B. Tech. course is unique, it is the world‘s first technology programme in chemical and electrochemical engineering. This course is recognized by the All India Council for Technical Education and the Indian Institute of Chemical Engineering.

  27. Experimental Electrochemistry at CSIR-CECRI First time in India, started with an intention of introducing experiments in electrochemistry to the Ph.D students [Let us lead as example to IISc, IITs and NCL]. Who and When???: So far, 28 students have registered. 5 Scientists (+ 4 senior research scholars) are offering this course. There are 4 batches with 7 students each, attending the course on Thursday and Friday afternoon from 2:00 to 5:00 pm Where: A dedicated lab for the course is being set up. How: Scholars are provided with Notes/PPT of the experiment and background information (either before or after the class). Experiments are demonstrated, in most cases, to batches of students.

  28. What Future holds for us ??????????? • We will have students demanding a certain experimental set-up • We will have young scientists seeking spectrometers, microscopes and chromatographs to be combined with electrochemical techniques • We will have students designing their experimental apparatuses, set-ups and devices • Will have devices to be examined in-situ in microscopes, spectrometers, etc.

  29. PRIVATE PARTNERS • Japan Science & Technology Agency, Japan • Columbian Chemicals Company, USA • Yonsei University, South Korea • General Motors Technical Center, USA • International Partnership for Hydrogen Economy (European) • Applied Materials Inc., USA • Titanium Equipment & Anode Mfg. Co. Ltd. • Southern Petrochemical Industries Corp. • Madras Rubber Factory • Gujarat Heavy Chemicals Ltd. • Nicholas-Piramal Healthcare

  30. Aditya Birla Industries • Amara Raja Batteries Ltd. • Asian Paints • Berger Paints • Devcon Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. • Exide Industries Ltd. • Godrej & Boyce • High Energy Batteries (India) Ltd. • Hindustan Lever Ltd. • Krishna Conchem Products Pvt. Ltd. • NED Energy Ltd. • Nerolac Paints • NOCIL • Protektol Anticorrosives

  31. PUBLIC PARTNERS • Ministry of New and Renewable Energy • Ministry of Environment & Forests • Ministry of Information Technology • Indian Space Research Organization • Department of Science & Technology • Department of Ocean Development • Department of Biotechnology • Department of Atomic Energy • Bhabha Atomic Research Centre • Defence Research & Development Organisation • Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory

  32. Naval Dockyard • Naval Science & Technological Laboratory • National Highways Authority of India • Indian Railways • Oil & Natural Gas Commission • Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd. • Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd.

  33. XI FIVE YEAR PLAN PROJECTS COMPLETED • Development of lithium-ion batteries for multifarious applications • CSIR Battery performance evaluation center • Energy for cleaner and greener environment • Development of specialty inorganic materials for diverse applications • Conducting polymer paints & coatings for corrosion protection of metallic & concrete structures and shielding of concrete structures in strategic areas • Development of PEM-based Hydrogen production technology for fuel cell application 

  34. Fabrication of LED devices and systems for solid state lighting applications • Nanomaterials and nanodevices for applications in health and disease • Development of electrochemical technologies for drinking water upgradation in North-Eastern Region • Centre for excellence for computational chemistry: An Integrated tool for multi-scale simulation to design materials, processes and simulation of molecular recognition process in biology

  35. BUSINESS INTERACTION Contract Research: Business driven R&D objectives with clearly defined outputs. Results in a product, process, tacit knowledge and Intellectual property generation. Consultancy: Professional advice rendered to clients based on the knowledge-base available. Technical Service: Testing & analyzing using specialized facilities available.

  36. Knowledge alliance between CECRI and IndustriesProvides high quality infrastructure to entrepreneurs by offering CECRI’s novel products, technologies, know-how and other patentable knowledge into marketable goods. • Incubation Centre • Special Purpose Vehicle (SPVs) • Autonomous Functional Units • Autonomous Business Units • NMITLI Innovation Centres • Boeing Company

  37. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER & TRAINING • Licensing • Unencumbered Patents • Know how / Knowledgebase • Training • Industry oriented refresher courses • Customized/Tailor-made training programmes in the areas of electrochemical science & technology

  38. RESEARCH OUTPUT Papers published : 5645 Patents filed : 755 Know-how / Technologies : 253 Sponsored projects : 460 Consultancy projects : 220 No. of licenses : 525

  39. OUR MISSION To achieve excellence in all aspects of electrochemistry and related fields for the development of globally competitive and eco-friendly technologies for industrial growth, energy and material conservation.

  40. Some of the Know-how transferred Direct borohydride fuel cell system PEM electrolyser for hydrogen production Process for production of Tetra-ethyl, -butyl and -propyl ammonium hydroxides Cement polymer composite coating Electrochemical defluoridation of drinking water Electro-synthesis of quaternary ammonium salts

  41. Recent International Patents High capacity kish graphitic lithium insertion anode materials and negative electrodes for Lithium ion batteries New high voltage nano-composite cathode for lithium ion batteries Non-enzymatic electrochemical monitor for HbA1c level in diabetes management

  42. Recent Publications in high-impact journals Electrochemical resolution of multiple redox events for graphene quantum dots (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013) Oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalyzed on Fenton-treated Au surface (ChemComm, 2014) Sequential Electrochemical Unzipping of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes to Graphene Ribbons Revealed by in Situ Raman Spectroscopy and Imaging (ACS Nano, 2014) Nanocatalyst-U-reagent on a polymer film: A new polymer-supported system for (electro-)catalytic applications (ChemComm, 2011) Aqueous CTAB-Assisted Electrodeposition of Gold Atomic Clusters and Their Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalytic Activity in Acid Solutions (Angew. Chem. Int., 2010) Sodium-alginate-based proton-exchange membranes as electrolytes for DMFCs (Energy Environ. Sci., 2010) A new mixed-matrix membrane for DMFCs (Energy Environ. Sci., 2010) Solution-Combustion Synthesized Nanocrystalline Li4Ti5O12 As High-Rate Performance Li-Ion Battery Anode (Chem. Mater., 2010) Hydrogel-polymer electrolytes for electrochemical capacitors: an overview (Energy Environ. Sci., 2009)

  43. Publications in high-impact journals - Contd. Effect of ordering of PtCu3nanoparticle structure on the activity and stability for the oxygen reduction reaction (PCCP, 2014) Time Evolution of the Stability and Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity of PtCu/C Nanoparticles(ChemCatChem, 2013) Direct electron transfer with yeast cells and construction of a mediatorless microbial fuel cell (Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2007) Novel method for deposition of gold-prussian blue nanocomposite films induced by electrochemically formed gold nanoparticles: Characterization and application to electrocatalysis(Chemistry of Materials, 2007) Preparation of catalytic films of platinum on Au substrates modified by self-assembled PAMAM dendrimermonolayers(Appl. Catal. B., 2009) Bioelectrocatalysis of Acetobacteraceti and Gluconobacterroseus for Current Generation (Environ. Sci & Tech., 2009)

  44. Strategic sector LPSC Preservation of Agni Missile

  45. Dissemination of information Organising International/National Conferences Participation in Technologies Fair Society for Advancement of Electrochemical Science and Technology (SAEST) National Corrosion Council of India (NCCI)

  46. CECRI’s Record in fundamental electrochemistry Faradaic Rectification, an important concept in the development of AC Polarography & Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (KSG Doss) Exponential Relaxation Techniques for studying kinetics in the linear and Tafel regions (SK Rangarajan) Harmonic analysis of corrosion systems (KSR, Rao & Mishra) Experimental set-up for Hydrogen embrittlementstudies [Devanathan & Stachurski] Pioneering studies on small organics oxidation – context of fuel cell development (VK Venkatesan) Redox-catalysis of organic processes (HVK Udupa)

  47. CECRI's Record of Technologies Corrosion Resistant Coatings Cement-Polymer Composite Coatings Anodization Technology Several Electroplating related technologies Titanium Substrate Insoluble Anodes in Chlor-Alkali Processes Magnesium Metal Extraction for Defence Applications Technologies for Sensors & Ion-Selective Electrodes

  48. BATTERY TESTING FACILITIES

  49. Sd–10–240 Electrodynamic Shaker • Programmable Environmental Chamber • Life Cycle Tester( variable capacity) • Discharger • High Performance Hybrid Electric Vehicle Battery Tester

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