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Spanish Conquest and Colonization in the New World: Goals and Challenges

The Spanish aimed to spread Christianity, expand their empire, and acquire wealth in the New World. Conquistadors played a crucial role in their victories, aided by European diseases that weakened Native populations and their superior military capabilities. Spain forged alliances with Indigenous groups, yet their brutal tactics fueled resistance. Competing European powers like England and France began to challenge Spain's dominance, leading to religious conflicts and wars, notably the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588. This shift marked the start of a new era in colonial dynamics.

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Spanish Conquest and Colonization in the New World: Goals and Challenges

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  1. Spain in the NEW WORLD

  2. MAIN GOALS: • 1. Spread Christianity beyond Europe. (missionaries) • 2. Expand their empires. • 3. RICHES. $$$$$$$. (and because of $$$$$$$ = • 4. Power. • 5. Security

  3. Conquistador- • [kon-kwis-tuh-dawr] • “to conquer”

  4. Reasons for Spanish victories: • 1. European diseases killed millions of Natives and weakened their resistance to conquest. • 2. Spanish were excellent soldiers and sailors. (With superior weapons.) • 3. Spain made alliances with Natives who were Aztec/Incan enemies. • 4. Spanish conquistadors acted brutally toward the Native Americans under their control.

  5. Spain would soon face competition from other European countries!

  6. England(Great Britain) and France would challenge land claims that the Spanish felt were theirs. • This brought on religious conflicts. • And WAR!

  7. Spain’s powerful Armada would be challenged by the British. (1588) • Britian’s smaller, craftier fleet darted, fired and took down Spain’s great fleet.

  8. Two Victories: • 1. England remained independent. • 2. They remained Protestant. • Other nations would join against Spain.

  9. The main difference between English and Spanish colonization was that England’s gov’t refused to provide $ to start colonies. • Private citizens had to provide $themselves. • It took until 1600 for England to start a successful New World colony.

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